Food Insecurity in Canadian Adults: Receiving Diabetes Care

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
17 August 2012

Abstract

Purpose: The prevalence of adult-level household food insecurity was examined among clients receiving outpatient diabetes health care services.
Methods: Participants were adults diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, who attended individual counselling sessions at Calgary's main clinic from January to April 2010. Clinicians were trained to administer the Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM), and did so with clients’ assent during their scheduled sessions.
Results: The prevalence of adult-level household food insecurity among 314 respondents was 15.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.2 to 19.4); 6.7% (95% CI, 4.2 to 10.0) of clinic attendees were categorized as severely food insecure. The comparable rates obtained in Alberta in 2007 using the same instrument (HFSSM) were 5.6% and 1.2%, respectively.
Conclusions: Household food insecurity rates among individuals with diabetes in active care are higher than rates reported in Canadian population surveys. Severe food insecurity, indicating reduced food intake and disrupted eating patterns, may affect this population's ability to follow a pattern of healthy eating necessary for effective diabetes management. This study reinforces the importance of assessing clients’ inability to access food because of financial constraints, and indicates that screening with a validated measure may facilitate identification of clients at risk.

Résumé

Objectif: Le but était de déterminer la prévalence de l'insécurité alimentaire chez les adultes bénéficiant de services de soins de santé externes pour leur diabète dans un contexte canadien.
Méthodes: Les participants étaient des adultes ayant reçu un diagnostic de diabète sucré et prenant part à des séancesconseils individuelles à la principale clinique de Calgary entre janvier et avril 2010. Les cliniciens étaient formés pour administrer le Module d'enquête sur la sécurité alimentaire des ménages (MESAM), ce qu'ils faisaient après avoir reçu le assentiment du client lors de leur rencontre planifiée.
Résultats: Parmi les 314 répondants, la prévalence d'insécurité alimentaire chez les adultes était de 15,0% (intervalle de confiance [IC] de 95%, 11,2 à 19,4%). De plus, 6,7% (IC de 95%, 4,2 à 10,0%) d'entre eux ont été catégorisés comme étant en situation grave d'insécurité alimentaire. Des taux comparables ont été obtenus en Alberta en 2007 avec le même instrument (MESAM) et étaient de 5,6% et 1,2%, respectivement.
Conclusions: Le taux d'insécurité alimentaire parmi les gens souffrant de diabète et recevant des soins actifs est plus élevé que ceux rapportés dans les enquêtes sur la population canadienne. Une situation grave d'insécurité alimentaire, indiquant un apport alimentaire réduit et des habitudes alimentaires variables, a des implications sur la capacité de cette population à suivre les modèles de saine alimentation recommandés et nécessaires pour une gestion efficace du diabète. Cette étude renforce l'importance de déterminer l'incapacité des clients à se procurer des aliments en raison de contraintes financières et suggère qu'un dépistage à l'aide d'un instrument validé pourrait faciliter l'identification des clients à risque.

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Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 73Number 3September 2012
Pages: e261 - e266

History

Version of record online: 17 August 2012

Authors

Affiliations

Suzanne Galesloot, MSA, RD
Nutrition Services, Population and Public Health, Calgary Zone, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB
Lynn McIntyre, MD, MHSc, FRCPC
Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB
Tanis Fenton, PhD, RD
Nutrition Services, Alberta Health Services and Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB
Sheila Tyminski, MEd, RD
Nutrition Services, Population & Public Health and Home Care, Calgary Zone, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB

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