Outcomes of Screening And Nutritional Intervention Among Older Adults in Healthcare Facilities

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
15 May 2008

Abstract

A nutritional screening and early intervention program was administered to older adults in a subacute care facility. The study group was recruited among patients aged 65 or older, who were admitted to the geriatric and rehabilitation units of two hospitals. Two simple, reliable, and valid tools were used to screen subjects for the risk or presence of malnutrition. Those determined to be at high nutritional risk (n=62) were included in the study. Dietitians then conducted a full nutritional assessment and implemented a nutritional care plan for these subjects. Weekly follow-up was completed to measure oral intake, weight, and biochemical indices. A Short-Form 36 Health Survey was administered upon admission and discharge. Results showed significant increases in energy (p=0.0001) and protein (p=0.01) intakes, and in serum albumin (p=0.001), prealbumin (p=0.003), transferrin (p=0.024), and hematocrit (p=0.026) levels. There was also a significant increase in seven of the eight dimensions of the healthrelated quality of life questionnaire (p<0.05). Outcomes improve when older adults are screened for the risk or presence of malnutrition and receive an early nutritional care program.

Résumé

Cette étude a évalué les effets associés à un dépistage de la malnutrition et à une intervention nutritionnelle précoce. Un groupe de sujets âgés de 65 ans et plus, admis aux services de gériatrie et de réadaptation de deux hôpitaux, ont subi un dépistage du risque et de la présence de malnutrition à l’aide de deux outils simples, valides et fiables. Les sujets reconnus comme étant à risque nutritionnel élevé (n=62) ont été retenus pour l’étude. Les diététistes ont ensuite effectué une évaluation nutritionnelle complète et implanté un plan de soins nutritionnels pour chaque sujet. Des suivis hebdomadaires des apports nutritionnels, du poids et des paramètres biochimiques ont été effectués. Le questionnaire Short-Form 36 a été administré au début et à la fin de l’étude. Les résultats révèlent des augmentations significatives de plusieurs paramètres à la suite de l’intervention nutritionnelle : apports en énergie (p=0,0001) et protéines (p=0,01), niveaux sériques d’albumine (p=0,001), préalbumine (p=0,003) et transferrine (p=0,024), hématocrite (p=0,026), ainsi que sept des huit dimensions de la qualité de vie (p<0,05). Lorsqu’un adulte âgé considéré comme étant à risque nutritionnel élevé bénéficie d’une intervention nutritionnelle précoce, les paramètres nutritionnels et cliniques s’améliorent.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 69Number 2July 2008
Pages: 91 - 96

History

Version of record online: 15 May 2008

Authors

Affiliations

Jolyne Babineau, MSc, RD
École des Sciences des aliments, de nutrition et d’études familiales, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB
Lita Villalon, PhD, RD
École des Sciences des aliments, de nutrition et d’études familiales, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB
Manon Laporte, MSc, RD, CNSD
Restigouche Health Authority, Campbellton, NB
Hélène Payette, PhD
Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC

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