Picture This: A Photovoice Study Of International Students’ Food Experience in Canada

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
19 May 2014

Abstract

Purpose: International student enrolment in Canadian universities is increasing. As international university students acculturate, they experience a culture shock in which food plays a major role. International university students’ Canadian food experiences therefore were explored.
Methods: A Photovoice methodology was used with 15 international undergraduate and graduate university students, who were recruited to take pictures of their food experiences. They also participated in two focus group discussions that included an analysis of their photos.
Results: Seven themes related to the significance of food in acculturation were revealed: the paradox of Canadian convenience, the equation of traditional foods with health, traditional food quality and accessibility, support networks, food consumption for comfort, ethnic restaurants, and the exploration of non-traditional foods. Maintaining cultural identity with traditional foods was an overarching theme related to acculturation.
Conclusions: International students acculturating to Canada have emotional and physical needs, which can be met through food. Opportunities exist to improve their acculturation experiences. Canadian universities can incorporate food acculturation strategies into campus events and menus. Nutrition professionals on campus can facilitate a positive food environment and nurture culture identity formation.

Résumé

Objectif: Le nombre d’étudiants étrangers dans les universités canadiennes est en hausse. L’acculturation de ces étudiants est accompagnée d’un choc culturel où les aliments jouent un rôle majeur. Les expériences alimentaires canadiennes des étudiants universitaires étrangers ont été explorées.
Méthodes: Une méthodologie Photovoice a été employée auprès de 15 étudiants universitaires étrangers du premier cycle et des cycles supérieurs à qui on a demandé de prendre des photos de leurs expériences alimentaires. Les étudiants ont également participé à deux groupes de discussion lors desquels leurs photos étaient analysées.
Résultats: Sept thèmes en lien avec l’importance des aliments dans l’acculturation ont émergé: le paradoxe de la commodité au Canada, l’équation entre les aliments traditionnels et la santé, la qualité et l’accessibilité des aliments traditionnels, les réseaux de soutien, la consommation d’aliments pour le réconfort, les restaurants ethniques et l’exploitation des aliments non traditionnels. Le maintien de l’identité culturelle au moyen des aliments traditionnels était un thème prédominant en ce qui concerne l’acculturation.
Conclusions: Au Canada, les étudiants étrangers en période d’acculturation ont des besoins physiques et émotionnels qui peuvent être comblés par les aliments. Or, il existe des façons d’améliorer leur expérience d’acculturation. En effet, les universités canadiennes peuvent incorporer des stratégies d’acculturation alimentaire dans les menus et les événements sur le campus. De plus, les professionnels de la nutrition du campus peuvent favoriser un environnement alimentaire positif de même que la formation de l’identité culturelle.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 75Number 2July 2014
Pages: 59 - 63

History

Version of record online: 19 May 2014

Authors

Affiliations

Stephanie Amos, BSc, RD
Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS
Daphne Lordly, DEd, PDt, FDC
Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS

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1. Food Experiences and Dietary Patterns of International Students at a Canadian University

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