Nutritional Status and Eating Habits of Older Manitobans: After Relocating to a Personal Care Home

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
19 May 2011

Abstract

We explored the effect of relocating to a personal care home (PCH) on older adults’ nutritional status and eating habits. Fourteen Caucasian older adults (F=57%) with a mean age of 83 years (standard deviation = 9.79) consented to participate. Anthropometric information (height, weight, bioelectrical impedance analysis), biochemical and clinical information (diagnoses, data from scales measuring risk or function), and dietary information (three-day plate waste analysis) were collected at time points A (two to three months after relocation) and B (six to seven months after relocation) through face-to-face interviews and medical chart reviews, and from nursing staff. At time B, cognitive function declined (z = -2.185, p<0.05) and the number of medications prescribed increased (z = -2.00, p<0.05). Levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were insufficient among 83% of participants at both time points. Mean serum albumin was 34.4 ± 7.2 g/L at time B, and the prevalence of potential nutritional risk increased from 57% to 77%. Dietary intake was inadequate at both time points. Nutritional risk became more prevalent at time B. Protein–energy malnutrition and other nutritional inadequacies may result if dietary intakes do not improve. Strategies to improve dietary intakes should be implemented within PCHs to reduce potential malnutrition.

Résumé

Nous avons exploré les effets chez les aînés d'un déménagement dans un établissement de soins pour personnes âgées (ÉSPA) sur l’état nutritionnel et les habitudes alimentaires. Quatorze aînés de race blanche (F = 57 %) âgés en moyenne de 83 ans (écart-type = 9,79) ont accepté de participer à l’étude. Des mesures anthropométriques (taille, poids, impédancemétrie bioélectrique), biochimiques, cliniques (diagnostics, données issues d’échelles mesurant le risque ou la fonction) et nutritionnelles (analyse pendant trois jours des restes dans les assiettes) ont été prises aux points A (2 à 3 mois après le déménagement) et B (6 à 7 mois après le déménagement) par l'entremise d'entretiens de face à face, d'examen des dossiers médicaux et de renseignements recueillis auprès du personnel infirmier. Au point B, les fonctions cognitives avaient diminué (z = - 2,185, p < 0,05), et le nombre de médicaments prescrits avait augmenté (z = - 2,00, p < 0,05). Le taux de 25-hydroxyvitamine D était insuffisant chez 83 % des participants aux points A et B. Le taux de sérum-albumine moyen était de 34,4 ± 7,2 g/l au point B, et la prévalence de risque nutritionnel potentiel étaient passée de 57 % à 77 %. L'apport alimentaire était inadéquat aux points A et B. Le risque nutritionnel était devenu plus prévalent au point B. La malnutrition protéique et énergétique et d'autres insuffisances nutritionnelles pourraient se produire si l'apport alimentaire n'est pas amélioré. Des stratégies visant à améliorer l'apport alimentaire devraient être mises en place dans les ÉSPA afin de réduire les risques de malnutrition.

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Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 72Number 2July 2011
Pages: e134 - e139

History

Version of record online: 19 May 2011

Authors

Affiliations

Melissa Sitter, MSc
Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB
Christina Lengyel, PhD, RD
Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB

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Cited by

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2. Micronutrients on the Menu: Enhancing the Quality of Food in Long-term Care for Regular, Nontherapeutic Menus

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