Implementing Elementary School Nutrition Policy: Principals’ Perspectives

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
18 November 2011

Abstract

Purpose: We assessed principals’ perceptions about the level of school nutrition policy (SNP) implementation in Prince Edward Island elementary schools, objectively evaluated how closely elementary schools are following SNP regulations for types and frequency of foods offered at school, and explored principals’ beliefs about the key enablers and barriers to SNP implementation.
Methods: Phase I involved a cross-sectional survey of principals’ assessment of perceived and actual adherence to SNP components. Phase II included in-depth interviews to explore principals’ perceptions about factors influencing policy adherence. Descriptive statistics were generated. Thematic content analysis was used to identify themes.
Results: Forty-one (93%) principals participated in Phase I, and nine of these participated in Phase II. The level of implementation of SNP components varied. Seventy-four percent of all foods sold were categorized as allowed by the SNP; 68% of schools sold at least one “not allowed” food. Key barriers included lost revenue, a higher cost of healthy foods, and limited availability of policy-allowed foods. Enablers were a high level of community support, ready access to food suppliers, and active parent volunteers.
Conclusions: While schools are making progress in implementing the SNP, challenges remain. Identifying and communicating strategies for healthy fundraising activities and finding ways to involve parents in SNP implementation are recommended.

Résumé

Objectif: Nous avons évalué la perception des directeurs d’école quant au niveau d’implantation des politiques de nutrition en milieu scolaire (PNS) dans les écoles primaires de l’Île-du-Prince-Édouard. De plus, nous avons évalué objectivement dans quelle mesure les écoles primaires appliquent la réglementation relative aux PNS pour ce qui a trait au type d’aliments offerts à l’école et à leur fréquence de consommation. Finalement, nous avons exploré les croyances des directeurs d’école quant aux obstacles et éléments facilitateurs clés associés à l’implantation des PNS.
Méthodes: La phase I impliquait une enquête transversale sur l’évaluation des directeurs d’école de l’adhésion perçue et réelle aux composantes des PNS. La phase II comprenait des entretiens en profondeur visant à explorer les perceptions des directeurs d’école sur les facteurs qui influent sur l’adhésion aux politiques. Des statistiques descriptives ont été générées, et une analyse du contenu a été effectuée afin de définir des thèmes.
Résultats: Quarante et un (93%) directeurs d’école ont pris part à la phase I et parmi eux, neuf ont participé à la phase II. Le niveau d’implantation des composantes des PNS variait. Soixante- quatorze pour cent des aliments vendus ont été catégorisés comme permis par les PNS, et 68% des écoles vendaient au moins un aliment « non permis ». Les principaux obstacles comprenaient la perte de revenus, le coût plus élevé des aliments santé et la disponibilité limitée des aliments permis par les politiques. Les éléments facilitateurs étaient un niveau élevé de soutien de la communauté, un accès facile aux fournisseurs d’aliments et la participation de parents bénévoles.
Conclusions: Bien que les écoles réalisent des progrès en matière d’implantation des PNS, des défis demeurent. Il est recommandé de définir et de communiquer des stratégies de financement qui contribueront à favoriser la santé et de trouver des moyens de faire participer les parents à l’implantation des PNS.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 72Number 4December 2011
Pages: e205 - e211

History

Version of record online: 18 November 2011

Authors

Affiliations

Jennifer P. Taylor, PhD, RD
Department of Family & Nutritional Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE
Debbie MacLellan, PhD, RD
Department of Family & Nutritional Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE
Jane Mary Caiger, MSc, RD
Department of Family & Nutritional Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE
Kimberley Hernandez, MBA, RD
Department of Family & Nutritional Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE
Mary McKenna, PhD, RD
Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB
Bob Gray, BEd
Faculty of Education, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE
Paul Veugelers, PhD
School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB

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Cited by

1. Moving from Policy to Practice: A Report of School Nutrition Policy Adherence in Nova Scotia
2. Moving Forward with School Nutrition Policies: A Case Study of Policy Adherence in Nova Scotia
3. Exploring Implementation of the Ontario School Food and Beverage Policy at the Secondary-School Level: A Qualitative Study

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