Changing Dietary Habits of Alberta Nutrition Students Enrolled in a Travel Study Program in Italy

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
19 May 2015

Abstract

Purpose: This study describes dietary changes among university students who completed a travel study program.
Methods: Seventeen undergraduate nutrition students travelled from Edmonton to Italy for 6 weeks to take 2 courses on the Mediterranean diet. In both locations students completed a 24-h dietary recall and a Food Frequency Questionnaire to assess their Mediterranean Diet Quality Index Score (MDQIS). A MDQIS of 48 indicates perfect adherence to eating patterns of the Traditional Healthy Mediterranean Diet Pyramid (THMDP).
Results: While in Italy students altered their diets in positive ways (increased consumption of fish and seafood (P = 0.002), wine (P < 0.0001), and olive oil (P = 0.001)) and negative ways (increased consumption of sweets (P = 0.027), poultry (P = 0.001), and meat (P = 0.049)) relative to the THMDP. Students had a significant increase in the percentage of energy from polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and alcohol. The MDQIS was low in Edmonton (21.9 ± 3.7) and Italy (22.9 ± 3.9).
Conclusions: The overall dietary pattern of students did not adhere to the THMDP. Education about the THMDP and living in Italy for 6 weeks was insufficient to change students’ dietary patterns to one characterized as traditional Mediterranean. The findings highlight the challenges of implementing dietary changes even with nutrition education and increased food access.

Résumé

Objectif. Cette étude décrit les changements alimentaires survenus chez des étudiants universitaires ayant suivi un programme de voyage d'études.
Méthodes. Dix-septétudiants du premier cycle en nutrition sont partis d'Edmonton pour un voyage en Italie de 6 semaines afin de suivre 2 cours sur le régime alimentaire méditerranéen. Aux deux endroits, les étudiants ont rempli un rappel diététique de 24 heures et un questionnaire de fréquence alimentaire afin que leur indice de qualité du régime méditerranéen (IQRM) soit évalué. Un IQRM de 48 indique une parfaite adhésion aux habitudes alimentaires de la pyramide du régime méditerranéen traditionnel (PRMT).
Résultats. Lorsqu'ils se trouvaient en Italie, les étudiants ont modifié leur régime alimentaire de manière positive (consommation accrue de poisson et fruits de mer [p = 0,002], de vin [p < 0,0001] et d'huile d'olive [p = 0,001]) et négative (consommation accrue de sucreries [p = 0,027], de volaille [p = 0,001] et de viande [p = 0,049]) par rapport à la PRMT. Les étudiants ont augmenté significativement leur pourcentage d'énergie provenant des acides gras polyinsaturés et mono-insaturés et de l'alcool. L'IQRM était faible à Edmonton (21,9 ± 3,7) et en Italie (22,9 ± 3,9).
Conclusions. Les habitudes alimentaires générales des étudiants n'étaient pas calquées sur les principes de la PRMT. L'éducation sur la PRMT et la vie en Italie pendant 6 semaines n'ont pas été suffisantes pour amener les étudiants à adopter les habitudes alimentaires typiques du régime méditerranéen traditionnel. Les conclusions mettent en évidence la difficulté d'implanter des changements au régime alimentaire, même avec de l'éducation à la nutrition et un meilleur accès aux aliments.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 76Number 2June 2015
Pages: 93 - 96

History

Version of record online: 19 May 2015

Authors

Affiliations

Cynthia Strawson MSc
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
Rhonda C. Bell PhD
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
Anna Farmer PhD, RD
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, Centre for Health Promotion Studies, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
Shauna M. Downs PhD
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
Dana L. Olstad PhD, RD
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
Noreen D. Willows PhD
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB

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