Exploring Dietitians’ Engagement with Health Literacy: Concept and Practice

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
19 May 2015

Abstract

Purpose: Recognition of health literacy as a serious problem in Canada calls for all health practitioners to rethink how they provide health information. This qualitative research study explored how Canadian dietitians understand the multifaceted concept of health literacy and, if and how, they apply it in their practice.
Methods: Nine dietetic or nutrition practitioners from different practice settings were purposely selected through an environmental scan of health literacy interventions, professional networks, and interviewee snowballing. Qualitative data were collected using conversational-style personal interviews and thematically analyzed through an iterative process of constant comparison.
Results: All participants recognized value in addressing health literacy in their practice with many barriers and enablers to its application identified. Participants referred to difficulties in communicating nutrition information to people with low levels of functional literacy, reflective of a deficit approach to health literacy. However, practices consistent with the more empowering concepts of interactive and critical health literacy, reflective of an asset-based approach, were also described.
Conclusion: This research provides a preliminary picture of how dietitians engage with health literacy in various settings in Canada and suggests implications for developing strengths-based health literacy approaches to dietetic practice.

Résumé

Objectif. La reconnaissance des lacunes liées à la littératie en santé comme étant un sérieux problème au Canada suppose que tous les cliniciens en santé devraient repenser leur façon de fournir des renseignements sur la santé. L'objectif de cette étude de recherche qualitative était d'explorer comment les diététistes canadiens comprennent le concept multidimensionnel de la littératie en santé et d’évaluer s'ils l'appliquent dans leur pratique et comment ils y parviennent.
Méthodes. Neuf cliniciens en diététique ou en nutrition provenant de différents milieux de pratique ont été sélectionnés au moyen d'une analyse environnementale des interventions en matière de littératie en santé, des réseaux professionnels et de la technique du sondage par boule de neige. Des données qualitatives ont été recueillies grâce à des entrevues personnelles de style conversationnel et ont fait l'objet d'une analyse thématique par l'entremise d'un processus itératif de comparaison constante.
Résultats. Tous les participants ont reconnu l'importance de s'attaquer au problème de la littératie en santé dans leur pratique, et de nombreux obstacles et facilitateurs à la mise en œuvre d'une telle intervention ont été identifiés. Les participants ont évoqué les difficultés de communiquer de l'information nutritionnelle aux personnes ayant un faible niveau de littératie fonctionnelle, ce qui reflète l'approche actuellement déficitaire en matière de littératie en santé. Cependant, des pratiques qui s'harmonisent avec les concepts plus habilitants de la littératie interactive et critique en santé, qui reflètent une approche fondée sur les atouts, ont également été décrites.
Conclusion. Cette recherche dresse un tableau préliminaire de la façon dont les diététistes abordent la littératie en santé dans divers milieux au Canada. Par ailleurs, elle suggère certaines avenues pour mettre au point des approches de littératie en santé fondées sur les forces pour la pratique de la diététique.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 76Number 2June 2015
Pages: 51 - 55

History

Version of record online: 19 May 2015

Authors

Affiliations

Jennifer Wood BSc, RD
Department of Human Nutrition, St Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS
Doris E. Gillis PhD P.Dt
Department of Human Nutrition, St Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS

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