Exploring Dietitians’ Engagement with Health Literacy: Concept and Practice

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
19 May 2015

Abstract

Purpose: Recognition of health literacy as a serious problem in Canada calls for all health practitioners to rethink how they provide health information. This qualitative research study explored how Canadian dietitians understand the multifaceted concept of health literacy and, if and how, they apply it in their practice.
Methods: Nine dietetic or nutrition practitioners from different practice settings were purposely selected through an environmental scan of health literacy interventions, professional networks, and interviewee snowballing. Qualitative data were collected using conversational-style personal interviews and thematically analyzed through an iterative process of constant comparison.
Results: All participants recognized value in addressing health literacy in their practice with many barriers and enablers to its application identified. Participants referred to difficulties in communicating nutrition information to people with low levels of functional literacy, reflective of a deficit approach to health literacy. However, practices consistent with the more empowering concepts of interactive and critical health literacy, reflective of an asset-based approach, were also described.
Conclusion: This research provides a preliminary picture of how dietitians engage with health literacy in various settings in Canada and suggests implications for developing strengths-based health literacy approaches to dietetic practice.

Résumé

Objectif. La reconnaissance des lacunes liées à la littératie en santé comme étant un sérieux problème au Canada suppose que tous les cliniciens en santé devraient repenser leur façon de fournir des renseignements sur la santé. L'objectif de cette étude de recherche qualitative était d'explorer comment les diététistes canadiens comprennent le concept multidimensionnel de la littératie en santé et d’évaluer s'ils l'appliquent dans leur pratique et comment ils y parviennent.
Méthodes. Neuf cliniciens en diététique ou en nutrition provenant de différents milieux de pratique ont été sélectionnés au moyen d'une analyse environnementale des interventions en matière de littératie en santé, des réseaux professionnels et de la technique du sondage par boule de neige. Des données qualitatives ont été recueillies grâce à des entrevues personnelles de style conversationnel et ont fait l'objet d'une analyse thématique par l'entremise d'un processus itératif de comparaison constante.
Résultats. Tous les participants ont reconnu l'importance de s'attaquer au problème de la littératie en santé dans leur pratique, et de nombreux obstacles et facilitateurs à la mise en œuvre d'une telle intervention ont été identifiés. Les participants ont évoqué les difficultés de communiquer de l'information nutritionnelle aux personnes ayant un faible niveau de littératie fonctionnelle, ce qui reflète l'approche actuellement déficitaire en matière de littératie en santé. Cependant, des pratiques qui s'harmonisent avec les concepts plus habilitants de la littératie interactive et critique en santé, qui reflètent une approche fondée sur les atouts, ont également été décrites.
Conclusion. Cette recherche dresse un tableau préliminaire de la façon dont les diététistes abordent la littératie en santé dans divers milieux au Canada. Par ailleurs, elle suggère certaines avenues pour mettre au point des approches de littératie en santé fondées sur les forces pour la pratique de la diététique.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

1
Rootman I, Gordon-El-Bihbety D. A vision for a health literate Canada: report of the Expert Panel on Health Literacy. Ottawa: Canadian Public Health Association; 2008 [cited 2014 Jun 5]. Available from http://www.cpha.ca/uploads/portals/h-l/report_e.pdf.
2
Sorenson K, Van den Broucke S, Fullam J, Doyle D, Pelikan J, Slonska J, et al. (HLS-EU) Consortium Health Literacy Project European. Health literacy and public health: a systematic review and integration of definitions and models BMC Public Health. 2012 12 80
3
Rudd RE, McCray AT, Nutbeam D. Heath literacy and definitions of terms. Chapter 2, p. 13–32. In: Begoray D, Gillis DE, Rowlands G, eds. Health literacy in context: international perspectives. Hauppauge: Nova Science Publishers; 2012.
4
Protheroe J, Woolf MS, Lee A. Health literacy and health outcomes. In: Begoray DL, Gillis D, Rowlands G, eds. Health literacy in context: international perspectives. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publisher; 2012.
5
Canadian Council on Learning. Health literacy in Canada: a healthy understanding 2008. Canadian Council on Learning; 2008 [cited 2014 Jun 5]. Available from http://www.ccl-cca.ca/pdfs/HealthLiteracy/HealthLiteracyReportFeb2008E.pdf.
6
Hoffman-Goetz L, Donelle L, Ahmed R. Health literacy in Canada: a primer for students. Toronto: Canadian Scholars’ Press; 2014.
7
Sykes S, Wills J, Rowlands G, and Popple K Understanding critical health literacy: a concept analysis BMC Public Health. 2013 13 150
8
Nutbeam D Health literacy as a public health goal: a challenge for contemporary health education and communication strategies into the 21st Century Health Promot Int. 2000 15 3 259 -67
9
Smith SK, Nutbeam D, and McCaffery KJ Insights into the concept and measurement of health literacy from a study of shared decision-making in a low literacy population J Health Psychol. 2013 18 8 1011 -22
10
Chinn D Critical health literacy: a review and critical analysis Soc Sci Med. 2011 73 1 60 -7
11
Nutbeam D The evolving concept of health literacy Soc Sci Med. 2008 67 12 2072 -8
12
Carbone ET and Zoellner JM Nutrition and health literacy: a systematic review to inform nutrition research and practice J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012 112 2 254 -65
13
Gibbs H and Chapman-Novakofski K A review of health literacy and its relationship to nutrition education Top Clin Nutr. 2012 27 4 325 -33
14
Bellman J, Staden K. Applying health literacy to your practice. Dietitians of Canada; 2011. [Power Point presentation] [cited 2014 Nov 7]. Available from http://www.dietitians.ca/Knowledge-Center/Learning-On-Demand/Learning-On-Demand-Store/LODStoreSearch.aspx?search=cat_professional_communications.
15
Bellman J and Staden K Health Literacy: what every dietitian needs to know PEN eNews. 2011 1 3 Available from http://www.pennutrition.com/pdf/NewsletterSept2011.pdf
16
Dietitians of Canada. Health literacy knowledge pathway. In: Practice Based Evidence in Nutrition (PEN). Health literacy; 2014 [cited 2014 Jun 5]. Available from http://www.pennutrition.com. Access only by subscription.
17
Manafo E and Wong S Promoting eHealth literacy in older adults: key informant perspectives Can J Diet Pract Res. 2013 74 1 37 -41
18
Patton MQ. Qualitative research and evaluation methods. London: Sage Publication; 2002.
19
Labonte R, Feather J, Hills M. Handbook on using stories in health promotion practice. Health Canada, Ottawa; 1996.
20
Kolb DA. Experimental learning: experience as the source of learning and development. New Jersey: Prentice Hall; 1984.
21
Green J, Thorogood N. Qualitative methods for health research. London: Sage Publications; 2004.
22
Dye J, Schatz I, Rosenberg B, and Coleman S Constant comparison method: a kaleidoscope of data The Qualitative Report. 2000 4 1 -2
23
Nielsen-Bohlman L, Panzer AM, Kindig DA, eds. Health literacy: a prescription to end confusion. Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine of the National Academies and the National Academies Press; 2004.
24
Rootman I, Stachenko S, Riley B, Ardiles P, Provencher H, Gillis D, et al. Issues as a point of entry into health promotion. p. 117–137. In: Rootman I, Dupéré S, Pederson A, O'Neill M, eds. Health promotion in Canada. 3rd ed. Toronto: Canadian Scholars’ Press; 2012.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 76Number 2June 2015
Pages: 51 - 55

History

Version of record online: 19 May 2015

Authors

Affiliations

Jennifer Wood BSc, RD
Department of Human Nutrition, St Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS
Doris E. Gillis PhD P.Dt
Department of Human Nutrition, St Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Other Metrics

Citations

Cite As

Export Citations

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

There are no citations for this item

View Options

Login options

Check if you access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Subscribe

Click on the button below to subscribe to Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research

Purchase options

Purchase this article to get full access to it.

Restore your content access

Enter your email address to restore your content access:

Note: This functionality works only for purchases done as a guest. If you already have an account, log in to access the content to which you are entitled.

View options

PDF

View PDF

Full Text

View Full Text

Media

Media

Other

Tables

Share Options

Share

Share the article link

Share on social media