Changes in Adolescents’ Dietary Intake Following the Initiation of an 8-Week Exercise Program

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
28 September 2021

Abstract

Purpose: To assess changes in dietary intake of adolescents following an 8-week aerobic exercise program.
Methods: Twenty-six adolescents (14–18 years) participated in an 8-week aerobic exercise program on cycle ergometer at their high school in Quebec, Canada. Twenty-four hour recalls were collected pre- and post-intervention. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA and paired sample t-tests were used to assess differences in energy and dietary intake parameters (food quantity, diet quality, eating patterns) between pre- and postintervention.
Results: A decrease in total daily energy intake (–287.8 kcal, P = 0.007), in meal size at lunch (–110.1 g, P = 0.02) and dinner (–143.7 g, P = 0.03), in food density at breakfast (–1.8 kcal/g, P = 0.04), in daily carbohydrate intake (–56.1 g, P = 0.005), and in percentage of energy intake consumed at school (–5.1%, P = 0.04) were observed following initiation of an aerobic exercise program. No change in healthy eating index scores or percentage of energy from processed foods was observed.
Conclusions: Changes in energy intake, food quantity, and eating pattern but not diet quality (Healthy Eating Index or food processing scores) were observed following the initiation of an aerobic exercise program. Nutrition interventions may be needed, in addition to an exercise program, to target diet quality and promote healthy eating habits in adolescents.

Résumé

Objectif. Évaluer les changements à l’apport alimentaire d’adolescents suivant un programme d’exercices aérobiques de 8 semaines.
Méthodes. Vingt-six adolescents (14 à 18 ans) ont participé à un programme d’exercices aérobiques de 8 semaines sur vélo ergométrique à leur école secondaire au Québec, Canada. Des rappels de 24 heures ont été recueillis avant et après l’intervention. Une analyse de la variance à mesures répétées à deux facteurs et des tests t pour échantillons appariés ont été utilisés pour évaluer les différences quant aux paramètres d’apport énergétique et alimentaire (quantité d’aliments, qualité de l’alimentation, habitudes alimentaires) avant et après l’intervention.
Résultats. Une diminution de l’apport énergétique quotidien total (−287,8 kcal, P = 0,007), de la taille des repas au dîner (−110,1 g, P = 0,02) et au souper (−143,7 g, P = 0,03), de la densité des aliments au déjeuner (−1,8 kcal/g, P = 0,04), de l’apport quotidien en glucides (−56,1 g, P = 0,005) et du pourcentage de l’apport énergétique consommé à l’école (−5,1 %, P = 0,04) a été observée après le commencement d’un programme d’exercices aérobiques. Aucun changement aux scores de l’indice de saine alimentation ou au pourcentage d’énergie provenant d’aliments transformés n’a été observé.
Conclusions. Des changements à l’apport énergétique, à la quantité d’aliments et aux habitudes alimentaires, mais non à la qualité de l’alimentation (scores de l’indice de saine alimentation et de la transformation des aliments) ont été observés après le commencement d’un programme d’exercices aérobiques. Des interventions nutritionnelles pourraient s’avérer nécessaires, en plus d’un programme d’exercices, pour cibler la qualité de l’alimentation et promouvoir de saines habitudes alimentaires chez les adolescents.

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Source(s) of financial support: Funding was received from the University of Ottawa and Institut du Savoir Montfort.
Conflicts of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to report.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 83Number 1March 2022
Pages: 10 - 16
Editor: Naomi Cahill Ph.D RD

History

Version of record online: 28 September 2021

Key Words

  1. Exercise
  2. diet
  3. adolescent
  4. eating
  5. nutritional status
  6. physical fitness

Mots-clés

  1. exercice
  2. régime alimentaire
  3. adolescence
  4. alimentation
  5. état nutritionnel
  6. condition physique

Authors

Affiliations

Catherine Pouliot MSc, RD
School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario
Institut du Savoir Montfort, Hôpital Montfort, Ottawa, Ontario
Alyssa Biagé MSc
School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario
Institut du Savoir Montfort, Hôpital Montfort, Ottawa, Ontario
Denis Prud’homme MD, MSc
Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick
Isabelle Giroux PhD, RD, BÉd, PHEc
Institut du Savoir Montfort, Hôpital Montfort, Ottawa, Ontario
School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario

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