Use of Oral Nutrition Supplements In Long-term Care Facilities

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
18 November 2009

Abstract

Purpose: Practices related to oral nutrition supplement (ONS) use were examined in elderly people living in longterm care (LTC) facilities.
Methods: Thirteen LTC facilities within a large regional health authority participated, and 17 people responsible for prescribing ONS in their facilities were interviewed, using a key informant telephone survey. A survey on ONS practice wasmodified, pilot tested, and used.
Results:Oral nutrition supplements were primarily prescribed by nursing staff (59%), followed by physicians, registered dietitians, or other staff; ONS use was prescribed for decreased intake, unintentional weight loss, or wound healing. Various ONS products (e.g., Ensure, Boost, or Resource 2.0) were prescribed. Only 18% of respondents reported using alternative food options first to supplement nutritional intake, before introducing ONS. In terms of follow-up and evaluation, the measures of improvement included weight gain, wound healing, or improved well-being; reasons for discontinuation included weight gain, increased intake, or death.
Conclusions: Within LTC settings, the prescription and monitoring of ONS vary considerably. Evidence-based guidelines for the prescription and monitoring of ONS and for the use of a food-first strategy should be developed, implemented, and evaluated to optimize the nutritional health of the elderly in LTC facilities.

Résumé

Objectif: Les pratiques relatives à l’administration de suppléments nutritionnels par voie orale (SNO) ont été examinées chez des personnes âgées vivant dans des établissements de soins de longue durée (SLD).
Méthodes: Treize établissements de SLD faisant partie d’une grande entité régionale de santé ont participé à l’étude et 17 personnes responsables de la prescription de SNO dans leur établissement ont été interviewées à l’aide d’une enquête téléphonique pour informateurs clés. Un questionnaire sur les pratiques relatives à l’administration de SNO a étémodifié et testé avant d’être utilisé.
Résultats: Les suppléments nutritionnels administrés par voie orale étaient prescrits surtout par le personnel infirmier (59%), puis par lesmédecins, les diététistes professionnels ou d’autres personnes. Ces suppléments étaient prescrits en raison d’une diminution de l’apport alimentaire, d’une perte de poids non intentionnelle ou de la cicatrisation de plaies. Divers produits de SNO(p. ex., Ensure, Boost ou Resource 2.0) étaient prescrits. Seuls 18%des répondants ont déclaré utiliser d’abord des aliments de remplacement pour supplémenter l’apport nutritionnel avant d’administrer des SNO. Enmatière de suivi et d’évaluation, l’amélioration étaitmesurée par le gain de poids, la cicatrisation des plaies ou l’amélioration du bien-être; le traitement était interrompu en raison d’un gain de poids, d’un apport alimentaire accru ou du décès.
Conclusions: Dans les environnements de SLD, la prescription et la surveillance des SNO varient considérablement. Des directives basées sur des preuves scientifiques pour la prescription et la surveillance des SNO et pour l’usage d’une stratégie axée sur «les aliments d’abord» doivent être élaborées, mises en vigueur et évaluées pour optimiser la santé nutritionnelle des personnes âgées en établissements de SLD.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 70Number 4December 2009
Pages: 194 - 198

History

Version of record online: 18 November 2009

Authors

Affiliations

Shanthi Johnson, PhD, RD, FDC, FACSM
Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Saskatchewan Population Health and Evaluation Research Unit, University of Regina, Regina, SK
Roseann Nasser, MSc, RD, CNSD
Dietetic Internship Programme and Clinical Nutrition Services, Department of Nutrition and Food Services, Regina Qu’Appelle Health Region, Regina, SK
Tiffany Banow, BScN, RD
Dietetic Internship Programme and Clinical Nutrition Services, Department of Nutrition and Food Services, Regina Qu’Appelle Health Region, Regina, SK
Tanya Cockburn, BScN, RD
Dietetic Internship Programme and Clinical Nutrition Services, Department of Nutrition and Food Services, Regina Qu’Appelle Health Region, Regina, SK
Leah Voegeli, BScN, RD
Dietetic Internship Programme and Clinical Nutrition Services, Department of Nutrition and Food Services, Regina Qu’Appelle Health Region, Regina, SK
Orina Wilson, BScN, RD
Dietetic Internship Programme and Clinical Nutrition Services, Department of Nutrition and Food Services, Regina Qu’Appelle Health Region, Regina, SK
Jean Coleman, MSc, RD
Dietetic Internship Programme and Clinical Nutrition Services, Department of Nutrition and Food Services, Regina Qu’Appelle Health Region, Regina, SK

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