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[Paper Type: Article] AND [Author: Brauer, Paula M PhD RD] AND [Author: Dietrich, L... (2) | 2 Jul 2024 |
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- Paula M. Brauer PhD, RD,
- Lee Anne Sergeant BASc, RD,
- Bridget Davidson MHSc, RD,
- Rick Goy MSc, and
- Linda Dietrich MEd, RD
Purpose: Patients’ perceptions of preventive lifestyle in primary care practice were examined. Methods: Practice was assessed with a modified version of the Primary Care Assessment Survey (PCAS). This was mailed to random samples of patients twice, using practice mailing lists from three Ontario Family Health Networks (FHNs). Family Health Networks are physician-based group practices, with additional nurse-led telephone advisory services to provide care 24 hours a day, seven days a week. The PCAS questionnaire consisted of nine scales (ranging from 0 to 100). For preventive counselling, additional questions on diet and exercise counselling were included to determine how the physician delivered the intervention. Results: Of the 2184 survey questionnaires mailed to patients, 22% were undeliverable. The response rate was 62% at valid addresses (49% of all mailed questionnaires). Of the nine scales, scores (± standard deviation) for preventive counselling were lowest at 33 ± 25. In particular, rates of diet (37%) and exercise (24%) counselling were low in the FHNs. For most other aspects of primary care services, patients generally rated FHNs highly. The majority of patients advised about diet and exercise were given verbal advice or pamphlets. Conclusions: In these primary health care organizations, considerable room exists for increased preventive counselling, especially about diet and exercise.- Paula M. Brauer PhD, RD,
- Rhona M. Hanning PhD, RD,
- Jose F. Arocha PhD,
- Dawna Royall MSc, RD,
- Andrew Grant MB, ChB, MRCP, FRCPC, FACMI, DPhil,
- Linda Dietrich MEd, RD, and
- Roselle Martino MHSc, RD
Purpose: Care maps or clinical pathways for nutrition therapy of dyslipidemia could add to current practice guidelines, by providing templates for feasible and recommended diet counselling processes. A care map was therefore developed by engaging expert and generalist dietitians and external experts from across Canada in a multi-stage consensus process. Methods: First, a qualitative study was undertaken with a convenience sample of 12 practitioners to identify possible diet care options, using hypothetical client scenarios and cognitive analysis. Second, these care options were rated for five case scenarios considered typical (overweight clients, with or without clinical cardiovascular disease and other comorbidities, potentially motivated to change, consuming high-fat diets, and facing various major barriers to eating behaviour change). The rating was conducted through a survey of participants. Highly appropriate, recommended, and feasible options for counselling were ranked through a two-round modified Delphi process, with teleconference discussions between rounds. Results: Forty-nine professionals started the consensus process; 39 (80%) completed all aspects. Numerous care processes were appropriate for all clients, with additional focus on barriers for low-income clients, sodium intake for clients with hypertension, and smoking cessation in smokers. Conclusions: The resulting care map, “Dietitians’ Quick Reference Guide for Clinical Nutrition Therapy for Overweight Clients with Dyslipidemia,” provides a basis for current practice and new effectiveness studies.