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| [Paper Type: Article] AND [Author: Darlington, Gerarda PhD] (4) | 31 Mar 2025 |
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- OPEN ACCESS
- Anisha Mahajan PhD, RD,
- Alison M. Duncan PhD, RD,
- Gerarda Darlington PhD,
- Jess Haines PhD, RD,
- David W.L. MA PhD,
- Andrea C. Buchholz PhD, RD, and
- On behalf of the Guelph Family Health Study
Purpose: Our understanding of the influence of sugar intake on anthropometrics among young children is limited. Most existing research is cross-sectional and has focused on sugar-sweetened beverages. The study objective was to investigate longitudinal associations between young children’s total, free, and added sugar intake from all food sources at baseline with anthropometric measures at baseline and 18 months.Methods: The Guelph Family Health Study (GFHS) is an ongoing randomized controlled trial and a family-based health promotion study. Food records and anthropometric data were collected at baseline (n = 109, 55 males; 3.7 ± 1.1 y, mean ± SD) and 18 months (n = 109, 55 males; 5.1 ± 1.1 y) of the GFHS pilots. Associations between sugar intakes and anthropometrics were estimated using linear regression models with generalized estimating equations adjusted for age, sex, household income, and intervention status.Results: Total sugar intake was inversely associated with body weight at 18 months (P = 0.01). There was no effect of time on any other associations between total, free, and added sugar intakes and anthropometrics.Conclusions: Early life dietary sugar intakes may not relate to anthropometric measures in the short term. Further investigation into potential associations between dietary sugar intakes and anthropometric variables over longer time periods is warranted. - OPEN ACCESS
- Jessie L. Burns PhD,
- Aritra Bhattacharjee,
- Gerarda Darlington PhD,
- Jess Haines PhD,
- David W.L. MA PhD, and
- The Guelph Family Health Study
Purpose: Fish and seafood consumption by North American children is low. This is concerning, given the critical role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid), found in fish and seafood, in early development. This study aimed to determine whether parental factors related to fish and seafood consumption are associated with frequency of fish and seafood consumption in Canadian children.Methods: A subgroup of parents (n = 28) participating in the Guelph Family Health Study Pilot reported their perceptions and history of fish and seafood consumption, confidence in preparing fish and seafood dishes, and the frequency of intake for their children (n = 40).Results: This study found that 20% of children consumed one serving of saltwater fish, freshwater fish, or shellfish weekly and 63% consumed at least one type of fish or seafood monthly. Parental cooking confidence preparing fish and seafood was positively associated with at least monthly fish and seafood intake in children.Conclusions: These findings suggest that some children may have low intakes of fish and seafood due to a lack of parental cooking confidence when preparing fish and seafood dishes. Therefore, future research and interventions focused on addressing this barrier may aid in improving fish and seafood intake. - Justin Sheremeta MSc,
- David W.L. MA PhD,
- Jess Haines PhD, RD,
- Alison M. Duncan PhD, RD,
- Gerarda Darlington PhD,
- Genevieve Newton PhD, DC,
- Andrea C. Buchholz PhD, RD, and
- on Behalf of the Guelph Family Health Study
Purpose: To determine if intake (servings/day) of total dairy and/or dairy subtypes (milk, cheese, and yogurt) were associated with biomarkers related to dyslipidemia, insulin sensitivity and inflammation in a sample of cardio-metabolically healthy young children from the Guelph Family Health Study at the University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.Methods: Baseline data from 42 children (aged 2.0–6.2 years) from 33 families who provided a dietary assessment and a fasted blood sample were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Linear and logistic regressions using generalized estimating equations were used for analysis and models were adjusted for age, gender, and household income.Results: In total, 42 children (3.74 ± 1.23 years old; mean (± SD)) consumed median (25th percentile, 75th percentile) servings/day of 1.70 (1.16, 2.81) for total dairy, 0.74 (0.50, 1.70) for milk, 0.63 (0.00, 1.16) for cheese, and 0.00 (0.00, 0.38) for yogurt. Cheese intake was significantly inversely associated with LDL cholesterol (−0.16 (95% CI: −0.29, −0.03) mmol/L per serving; P = 0.02)). No other associations between dairy intake and biomarkers were significant.Conclusions: Cheese intake was inversely associated with LDL cholesterol in this preliminary study of cardio-metabolically healthy young children, thereby warranting further research on dairy intake and cardiometabolic risk factors.- Purpose: To explore the associations between family meal context and overall diet quality of Canadian preschool-aged children.Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 95 preschool-aged children from 72 families. Measures about health behaviours and the family meal environment were drawn from selected questionnaire items. Three-day food records for children were assessed using the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010). Linear regression was used to explore the associations between the family meal variables and children’s HEI-2010 scores.Results: In analyses adjusted for child age, sex, and household income, child involvement in meal preparation (β = 4.34; 95% CI: 0.56–8.12) and time spent preparing the evening meal (β = 3.77; 95% CI: 0.42–7.12) were associated with higher HEI-2010 scores. Serving fast food (β = −2.90; 95% CI: −4.79 to −1.02) and using screen-based devices during meals (β = −3.80; 95% CI: −7.38 to −0.21) were associated with lower HEI-2010 scores. Family meal frequency and serving prepared foods, sugar-sweetened beverages, and vegetables at meals were not significantly associated with preschoolers’ diet quality.Conclusions: The context in which family meals take place influences child diet quality. Taking the time to include children in family meal preparation may benefit children’s dietary intake.
