Evaluating a Fruit and Vegetable Program: In Eastern Ontario Schools

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
14 November 2013

Abstract

Purpose: Effectiveness was evaluated for a fruit and vegetable program developed to encourage Canadian elementary school children to eat the recommended number of daily servings. Also examined was whether the program modified children’s personal factors, perceived social environment, and perceived physical environment.
Methods: A prospective, quasi-experimental trial was conducted to compare the eight schools receiving the intervention curriculum (Freggie Friday schools [FFS]) with six control schools (CS). A food frequency questionnaire was used to measure differences in fruit and vegetable consumption. Personal factors, perceived social environment, and perceived physical environment supporting fruit and vegetable consumption were assessed with an adapted version of the validated Pro Children study questionnaire.
Results: Of the 942 children who completed the baseline assessment, 807 also completed the follow-up questionnaire (FFS, 450; CS, 357). A mixed-effects regression model indicated no significant intervention effects on fruit or vegetable consumption, snack food consumption, or knowledge or attitudes related to fruit and vegetable consumption.
Conclusions: The results suggest that an intervention based on a single visit from an external group, followed by teacher-led programming, may be an ineffective method of eliciting dietary behaviour change in this population. Future programs may need to implement multicomponent intervention designs.

Résumé

Objectif: L’efficacité d’un programme conçu pour encourager les enfants du primaire au Canada à consommer le nombre de portions quotidiennes recommandé de fruits et légumes a été évaluée. On a également vérifié si le programme modifiait les facteurs personnels des enfants ainsi que l’environnement social et physique perçu.
Méthodes: Une étude prospective quasi expérimentale a été réalisée dans le but de comparer les huit écoles qui participaient au programme d’intervention (écoles Vendredis de Freggie [ÉVF]) avec six écoles témoins (ÉT). Un questionnaire de fréquence alimentaire a été utilisé pour mesurer les différences de consommation de fruits et légumes. Les facteurs personnels ainsi que l’environnement physique et social perçu soutenant la consommation de fruits et légumes ont été évalués à l’aide d’une version adaptée du questionnaire d’étude validé à l’intention des enfants.
Résultats: Parmi les 942 enfants qui ont pris part à l’évaluation de base, 807 ont également rempli le questionnaire de suivi (ÉVF, 450; ÉT, 357). Un modèle de régression à effets mixtes n’a indiqué aucun effet significatif de l’intervention sur la consommation de fruits ou de légumes, sur la consommation de grignotines, ni sur les connaissances ou attitudes liées à la consommation de fruits et légumes.
Conclusions: Les résultats suggèrent qu’une intervention basée sur une visite unique d’un groupe externe suivie d’un programme dirigé par l’enseignant pourrait constituer une méthode inefficace pour provoquer un changement de comportement alimentaire dans cette population. Les programmes futurs pourraient donc devoir mettre en place des plans d’intervention à composantes multiples.

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Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 74Number 4December 2013
Pages: 167 - 174

History

Version of record online: 14 November 2013

Authors

Affiliations

Kristi B. Adamo, PhD
Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
Gary S. Goldfield, PhD
Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
Cynthia K. Colapinto, PhD, RD
Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON
Kimberly P. Grattan, MA
Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON
Alysha Harvey, BSc
Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON
Nick Barrowman, PhD
Clinical Research Unit, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON

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1. Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Preferences Associated with the Northern Fruit and Vegetable Program (2014–2016)

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