The Role of Diet in Predicting: Iron Deficiency Anemia in HIV-Positive Women

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
17 August 2012

Abstract

Purpose: The association between medical, social, and nutritional factors and iron deficiency anemia was examined in adult women who had tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and were living in the Greater Vancouver Area.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study of 102 HIV-positive women, aged 19 or older, who were patients of one of three chosen community health clinics in Vancouver, British Columbia. Information on usual dietary intake and other nutrition-related factors was collected with a short diet survey, while medical information and laboratory data were obtained from each participant’s medical chart.
Results: Of the predictors studied, a CD4 cell count below 200 cells/µL, a regular menstrual pattern, and African ethnicity were associated with an increased risk of iron deficiency anemia. Dietary intake was not independently associated with iron status.
Conclusions: Iron deficiency anemia in HIV-positive women has multifactorial and complicated causation, but is strongly associated with poorer immune status and greater menstrual losses. Health disparities in Aboriginal and African women may lead to a higher risk for iron deficiency anemia. Routine screening and ongoing nutrition education are necessary for the prevention and management of iron deficiency anemia. Further research into factors associated with iron deficiency anemia is essential to improve prevention and management efforts.

Résumé

Objectif: L’association entre les facteurs médicaux, sociaux et nutritionnels et l’anémie ferriprive a été étudiée chez des femmes adultes porteuses du virus de l’immunodéficience humaine (VIH) résidant dans la région du Grand Vancouver.
Méthodes: Une étude d’observation transversale a été effectuée auprès de 102 femmes porteuses du VIH âgées de 19 ans et plus et qui étaient des patientes de l’une des trois cliniques de santé communautaire sélectionnées à Vancouver, Colombie-Britannique. De l’information sur l’apport alimentaire habituel et d’autres facteurs en lien avec la nutrition a été recueillie à l’aide d’une courte enquête sur l’alimentation, et l’information médicale et les données de laboratoire ont été tirées du dossier médical de chaque participante.
Résultats: Parmi les prédicteurs étudiés, une numération des cellules CD4 inférieure à 200 cellules/µl, un cycle menstruel régulier et une origine ethnique africaine étaient associés à une augmentation du risque d’anémie ferriprive. Toutefois, il n’existait pas d’association indépendante entre l’apport alimentaire et le bilan en fer.
Conclusions: L’anémie ferriprive chez les femmes porteuses du VIH est caractérisée par des causes multifactorielles et complexes, mais est fortement associée à un faible état immunitaire et à des pertes menstruelles plus abondantes. Les disparités sur le plan de la santé chez les femmes autochtones et africaines pourraient générer un risque accru d’anémie ferriprive. Un dépistage régulier et de l’éducation à la nutrition continue sont requis pour la prévention et la gestion de l’anémie ferriprive. D’autres recherches sur les facteurs associés à l’anémie ferriprive sont essentielles afin d’améliorer les efforts de prévention et de gestion.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 73Number 3September 2012
Pages: 128 - 133

History

Version of record online: 17 August 2012

Authors

Affiliations

Ladan Shahvarani Renouf, RD, MSc
School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
Samuel Sheps, PhD
School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
Anita Hubley, PhD
Department of Education and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
Neora Pick, MD
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
Diana Johansen, RD
Children’s & Women’s Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
Mark W. Tyndall, MD, ScD, FRCPC
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON

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