Adequacy of Niacin, Folate, and Vitamin B12 Intakes from Foods: Among Newfoundland and Labrador Adults

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
17 May 2013

Abstract

Purpose: Adequacy of intake for niacin, folate, and vitamin B12 from food was estimated in an adult population in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL). Also considered was whether study findings support current Canadian food fortification policies.
Methods: Four hundred randomly selected adult NL residents were surveyed by telephone. Secondary analysis was performed on two 24-hour food recalls for each participant. Mean daily intakes of niacin, folate, and vitamin B12 were estimated from foods only and compared by sex/age subgroup. Adequacy of intakes was estimated. Contributions of folate by ready-to-eat cereal and bread products were also estimated.
Results: Intakes of all three nutrients were higher in men. In comparison with recommendations, daily niacin intakes were as follows: excessive for 21.9% of all participants (and for 56.8% of men aged 28 to 54), within the recommended range for 73.6%, and less than adequate for 4.5%. In comparison with recommendations, daily folate intakes were as follows: within the recommended range for 18.1% of participants and less than adequate for 81.9%. In comparison with recommendations, daily vitamin B12 intakes were less than adequate for 36.3% of participants.
Conclusions: More than 20% of those surveyed were consuming, from food alone, niacin at levels above the maximum recommended. Food fortification policies pertaining to niacin should be revisited. In addition, despite fortification, NL adults may be consuming inadequate amounts of folate from foods.

Résumé

Objectif: Nous avons estimé si les apports en niacine, en acide folique et en vitamine B12 issus des aliments étaient suffisants chez une population adulte de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador (T.-N.-L.). De plus, nous avons évalué si les résultats de l’étude soutenaient les politiques canadiennes actuelles en matière d’enrichissement des aliments.
Méthodes: Quatre cents résidents adultes de T.-N.-L. sélectionnés au hasard ont répondu à un sondage téléphonique. Une analyse secondaire a été effectuée au moyen de deux rappels alimentaires de 24 heures pour chaque participant. Les apports quotidiens moyens de niacine, d’acide folique et de vitamine B12 issus des aliments seulement ont été estimés et comparés en fonction de sous-groupes basés sur le sexe et l’âge. On a estimé si les apports étaient suffisants. Les apports en acide folique provenant de céréales prêtes à consommer (CPC) et de produits céréaliers ont également été estimés.
Résultats: Les apports des trois nutriments étaient tous plus élevés chez les hommes. Par rapport aux recommandations, les apports quotidiens en niacine étaient les suivants : excessifs pour 21,9 % des participants (et pour 56,8 % des hommes de 28 à 54 ans), dans la plage recommandée pour 73,6 % des participants et inférieurs à la valeur recommandée pour 4,5 % d’entre eux. Par rapport aux recommandations, les apports quotidiens en acide folique étaient les suivants : dans la plage recommandée pour 18,1 % des participants et inférieurs à la valeur recommandée pour 81,9 % des participants. Par rapport aux recommandations, les apports quotidiens en vitamine B12 se trouvaient au-dessous de la valeur recommandée chez 36,3 % des participants.
Conclusions: Plus de 20 % des personnes interrogées consommaient, uniquement à partir des aliments, des niveaux de niacine plus élevés que les niveaux recommandés. Les politiques en matière d’enrichissement des aliments ayant trait à la niacine devraient être révisées. En outre, malgré l’enrichissement des aliments, les adultes de T.-N.-L. pourraient consommer des quantités inadéquates d’acide folique provenant des aliments.

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Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 74Number 2July 2013
Pages: 63 - 68

History

Version of record online: 17 May 2013

Authors

Affiliations

Jennifer Colbourne, MPH, RD
Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL
Natasha Baker, MPH, RD
Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL
Peter Wang, PhD, MD
Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL
Lin Liu, BMed
Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL
Christina Tucker, BSc
Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL
Barbara Roebothan, PhD, RD
Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL

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