Indicators of Pediatric Malnutrition in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
15 August 2014

Abstract

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of malnutrition at a Canadian children's hospital based on medical records and to identify gaps in current practices and rates/reasons for dietitian consult.
Methods: A retrospective chart audit of patients admitted during a winter season was completed. Patients with length of stay <4 days were excluded, as were those with fluid retention diseases. Outcome variables included anthropometrics, diet order, rates and reasons for dietitian consult, and biochemical data.
Results: Of the 83 charts reviewed (mean ± SD age 7.3 ± 5.6 years of age), weights were recorded less frequently than recommended (45% of patients ≤2 years of age and 85% of patients >2 years of age met or exceeded recommendations). Twenty-nine (36%) patients were identified at potential increased nutrition risk for overweight, 10 (12%) for underweight, and 31 (38%) patients had nutrition-related chart notes. Only 23 patients (28%) received a dietitian consult and, of those, 21 had a nutrition related chart note. Consultation occurred an average 5.4 ± 4.96 days after admission.
Conclusions: These data emphasize the need for development of standardized screening and assessment tools to better identify pediatric patients at risk for malnutrition and to improve access to optimal nutrition care.

Résumé

Objectif. Cette étude a été réalisée afin de déterminer la prévalence de la malnutrition dans un hôpital pédiatrique canadien en se basant sur les dossiers médicaux. L’étude avait également pour but d'identifier les lacunes dans les pratiques actuelles de même que le taux de consultations avec une diététiste et les raisons qui expliquent ces consultations.
Méthodes. Une vérification rétrospective des dossiers de patients admis durant un hiver a été effectuée. Les patients dont le séjour était < 4 jours étaient exclus, tout comme ceux atteints de troubles de rétention aqueuse. Les variables dépendantes comprenaient l'anthropométrie, les directives en matière d'alimentation, le taux de consultations avec une diététiste, les raisons expliquant ces consultations et des données biochimiques.
Résultats. Parmi les 83 dossiers examinés (moyenne d’âge ± S de 7,3 ± 5,6 ans), le poids avait été consigné moins fréquemment que recommandé (45 % des patients ≤ 2 ans et 85 % des patients > 2 ans respectaient ou surpassaient les recommandations). Il a été déterminé que 29 patients (36 %) présentaient un risque nutritionnel potentiel accru d'excès de poids. Dix patients (12 %) montraient un risque d'insuffisance pondérale et 31 patients (38 %) avaient des notes liées à la nutrition dans leur dossier. Seuls 23 patients (28 %) ont consulté une diététiste et parmi eux, 21 avaient une note liée à la nutrition dans leur dossier. La consultation avait lieu en moyenne 5,4 ± 4,96 jours après l'admission.
Conclusions. Ces données soulignent la nécessité de mettre au point des outils normalisés de dépistage et d’évaluation afin de mieux identifier les patients pédiatriques qui présentent un risque de malnutrition et d'améliorer l'accès à des soins en nutrition optimaux.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 75Number 03September 2014
Pages: 157 - 159

History

Version of record online: 15 August 2014

Authors

Affiliations

Bodil M. Larsen, PhD RD
Nutrition Service, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alta.
Mila Luchak
Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
Leslie Prenoslo
Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
Kim Brunet Wood, MSc RD
Nutrition Service, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alta.
Vera Mazurak, PhD
Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.

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