Accuracy of two Generic Prediction Equations and One Population-Specific Equation for Resting Energy Expenditure in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury
Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
16 July 2018
Abstract
Purpose: The primary aim was to assess the accuracy of common prediction equations, the Harris-Benedict (HB) and the Mifflin St. Jeor (MSJ) equations, for estimating resting energy expenditure (REE) among people with spinal cord injury (SCI) against actual REE measurements. The secondary aim was to cross-validate the Buchholz et al. energy prediction equation created for people with SCI.
Methods: A metabolic cart with canopy was used to measure the actual REE. The HB, MSJ, and the Buchholz et al. equations were used for the prediction of REE.
Results: Thirty-nine participants (31 males and 8 females) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The REEs significantly differed from one another, F(1.52, 57.68) = 52.04, P < 0.001, where both the HB (M = 1703.06, SD = 265.1) and the MSJ (M = 1628.92, SD = 233.8) energy predictions were significantly higher (P < 0.001) than the measured REE (M = 1394.05, SD = 298.7). In contrast, the Buchholz et al. equation did not differ from the measured REE.
Conclusions: Our data show that the HB and MSJ equations do not accurately predict the energy needs of this community. Using a SCI-specific equation would improve estimates of REE, such as the Buchholz et al. equation. More research into energy equations for this population may help health care professionals better tailor dietary requirements for weight management.
Résumé
Objectif. L’objectif principal était d’évaluer l’exactitude d’équations de prévision courantes, soit les équations de Harris-Benedict (HB) et de Mifflin St-Jeor (MSJ), pour estimer la dépense énergétique au repos (DER) chez des gens vivant avec une lésion médullaire (LM), en comparaison à des mesures réelles de DER. L’objectif secondaire était d’effectuer une validation croisée de l’équation de prévision énergétique de Buchholz et coll. créée pour les gens vivant avec une LM.
Méthodes. Un chariot métabolique avec hotte a été utilisé pour mesurer la DER réelle. Les équations de HB, de MSJ et de Buchholz et coll. ont été utilisées pour la prévision de la DER.
Résultats. Trente-neuf personnes (31 hommes et 8 femmes) ont participé à cette étude transversale. Les DER étaient significativement différentes les unes des autres, F (1,52; 57,68) = 52,04; P < 0,001, où les prévisions énergétiques des équations de HB (M = 1703,06; écart-type = 265,1) et de MSJ (M = 1628,92; écart-type = 233,8) étaient significativement plus élevées (P < 0,001) que les DER mesurées (M = 1394,05; écart-type = 298,7). En revanche, l’équation de Buchholz et coll. n’a pas produit de résultats différents de ceux de la DER mesurée.
Conclusions. Nos données montrent que les équations de HB et de MSJ ne peuvent prévoir avec précision les besoins énergétiques de cette communauté. L’utilisation d’une équation spécifique aux LM, comme l’équation de Buchholz et coll., améliorerait l’estimation de la DER. De nouvelles recherches sur les équations d’énergie pour cette population pourraient aider les professionnels de la santé à mieux ajuster les besoins nutritionnels en lien avec la gestion du poids.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Financial support: Financial support for this investigation came from the Canadian Foundation of Dietetic Research.
Conflict of Interest: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
References
1
Spinal Cord Injury Canada. Spinal Cord Injury Canada Facts. Spinal Cord Injury Canada; 2016. Available from: http://sci-can.ca/resources/sci-facts/.
2
Gater DR Jr. Obesity after spinal cord injury. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2007;18(2):333–51.
3
Statistics Canada. Overweight and obese adults (self-reported), 2014. Statistics Canada; 2015. Available from: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-625-x/2015001/article/14185-eng.htm.
4
Monroe MB, Tataranni PA, Pratley R, Manore MM, Skinner JS, and Ravussin E. Lower daily energy expenditure as measured by a respiratory chamber in subjects with spinal cord injury compared with control subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998;68(6):1223–27.
5
Buchholz AC and Pencharz PB. Energy expenditure in chronic spinal cord injury. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2004;7(6):635–39.
6
Kocina P. Body composition of spinal cord injured adults. Sports Med. 1997;23(1):48–60.
7
Tanhoffer RA, Tanhoffer AI, Raymond J, Hills AP, and Davis GM. Exercise, energy expenditure, and body composition in people with spinal cord injury. J Phys Act Heath. 2014;11(7):1393–400.
8
Edwards LA, Bugaresti JM, and Buchholz AC. Visceral adipose tissue and the ratio of visceral to subcutaneous adipose tissue are greater in adults with than in those without spinal cord injury, despite matching waist circumferences. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87(3):600–07.
9
Mifflin MD, Jeor ST St, Hill LA, Scott BJ, Daugherty SA, and Koh Y. A new predictive equation for resting energy expenditure in healthy individuals. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990;51(2):241–47.
10
Berdanier CD, Feldman EB, Flatt WP, Jeor ST St. Handbook of nutrition and food. CRC Press; 2002.
11
Harris JA and Benedict FG. A biometric study of human basal metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1918;4(12):370–73.
12
Buchholz AC, McGillivray CF, and Pencharz PB. Differences in resting metabolic rate between paraplegic and able-bodied subjects are explained by differences in body composition. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;77(2):371–78.
13
Nevin A, Steenson J, Vivanti A, and Hickman I. Investigation of measured and predicted resting energy needs in adults after spinal cord injury: a systematic review. Spinal Cord. 2016;54(4):248–53.
14
Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, and Buchner A. G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods. 2007;39:175–91.
15
Martin Ginis KA, Phang SH, Latimer AE, and Arbour-Nicitopoulos KP. Reliability and validity tests of the leisure time physical activity questionnaire for people with spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2012;93(4):677–82.
16
Rick Hansen Institute and SCI Action Canada. Physical Activity Guidelines for Adults with Spinal Cord Injury. Rick Hansen Institute and SCI Action Canada; 2011 [cited 2018 Apr 1]. Available from: http://www.csep.ca/CMFiles/Guidelines/specialpops/SCIPAGuidelinesClient.pdf.
17
Canadian Society of Exercise Physiology (CSEP). Canadian physical activity guidelines for adults 18-64 years; 2011 [cited 2018 Apr 1]. Available from: http://csep.ca/CMFIles/Guidelines/CSEP_PAGuidelines_adults_en.pdf.
18
Jones L, Goulding A, and Gerrard D. DEXA: a practical and accurate tool to demonstrate total and regional bone loss, lean tissue loss and fat mass gain in paraplegia. Spinal Cord. 1998;36(9):637–40.
19
Spapen HD, De Waele E, Mattens S, Diltoer M, Van Gorp V, and Honoré PM. Calculating energy needs in critically ill patients: sense or nonsense? J Transl Int Med. 2014;2(4):150–3.
20
Haugen HA, Chan L-N, and Li F. Indirect calorimetry: a practical guide for clinicians. Nutr Clin Pract. 2007;22(4):377–88.
21
Bland JM and Altman D. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet. 1986;327(8476):307–10.
22
Cooper IS, Rynearson EH, Maccarty CS, and Power MH. Metabolic consequences of spinal cord injury. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1950;10(8):858–70.
23
Cox SA, Weiss SM, Posuniak EA, Worthingtin P, Prioleau M, and Heffley G. Energy expenditure after spinal cord injury: an evaluation of stable rehabilitating patients. J Trauma Injury Infect Crit Care. 1985;25(5):419–23.
24
Patt PL, Agena SM, Vogel LC, Foley S, and Anderson CJ. Estimation of resting energy expenditure in children with spinal cord injuries. J Spinal Cord Med. 2007;30(Suppl. 1):S83.
25
Hiremath SV, Ding D, Farringdon J, and Cooper RA. Predicting energy expenditure of manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury using a multisensor-based activity monitor. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2012;93(11):1937–43.
26
Spungen AM, Wang J, and Pierson RN. Soft tissue body composition differences in monozygotic twins discordant for spinal cord injury. J Appl Physiol. 2000;88(4):1310–15.
27
Statistics Canada. Canadian health measures survey: directly measured physical activity of Canadians, 2012 and 2013. Statistics Canada; 2015 [cited 2018 Apr 1]. Available from: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily-quotidien/150218/dq150218c-eng.htm.
28
Martin Ginis KA, Latimer AE, Arbour-Nicitopoulos KP, Buchholz AC, Bray SR, Craven BC, et al. Leisure time physical activity in a population-based sample of people with spinal cord injury part I: demographic and injury-related correlates. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2010;91(5):722–8.
29
Pickett GE, Campos-Benitez M, Keller JL, and Duggal N. Epidemiology of traumatic spinal cord injury in Canada. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006;31(7):799–805.
30
Lee SY and Gallagher D. Assessment methods in human body composition. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2008;11(5):566–72.
Supplementary Material
File (cjdpr-2018-021suppla.docx)
- Download
- 14.23 KB
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 79 • Number 4 • December 2018
Pages: 164 - 169
History
Version of record online: 16 July 2018
Copyright
© 2018.
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Other Metrics
Citations
Cite As
Ross E.AndersenPhD, Shane N.SweetPhD, Ryan E.R.ReidPhD, FlorenceSydneyRD, and HuguesPlourdeRD, PhD. 2018. Accuracy of two Generic Prediction Equations and One Population-Specific Equation for Resting Energy Expenditure in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury. Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research.
79(4): 164-169. https://doi.org/10.3148/cjdpr-2018-021
Export Citations
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.
There are no citations for this item
View Options
Get Access
Login options
Check if you access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.
Subscribe
Click on the button below to subscribe to Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
