“It Literally Can Save Lives”: How Challenging Structural Inequities in Sexual Orientation and Gender Priorities Can Create Change in the Canadian Dietetic Profession

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
3 May 2022

Abstract

Purpose: Our aim was to explore Canadian dietitians’ knowledge, beliefs, and values relating to the nutritional care of Two-Spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and other queer groups (2SLGBTQ+).
Methods: The research was qualitative and used a poststructural theoretical lens. Interviews were conducted with 16 Canadian dietitians. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results: Three themes were noted: (i) moving away from the binary; (ii) systemic discrimination and 2SLGBTQ+ experiences; and (iii) professional organizations and advocacy. The participants discussed structural, professional, and cultural barriers that affect the nutrition and health experiences of sexual and gender diverse groups.
Conclusion: Dietetic institutions and regulatory bodies must provide sexual and gender diversity resources and engage in activities that acknowledge the lives and nutritional concerns of sexual and gender diverse people. Such advocacy is a means to provide more inclusive and equitable care. Key recommendations for structural changes within the profession include using an intersectional lens and a critical dietetic approach to nutritional care.

Résumé

Objectif. Notre objectif était d’explorer les connaissances, croyances et valeurs de diététistes du Canada en lien avec les soins nutritionnels de groupes bispirituels, lesbiens, gais, bisexuels, transgenres, queers et autres (2SLGBTQ+).
Méthodes. La recherche était qualitative et a été réalisée d’un point de vue théorique poststructural. Des entrevues ont été menées auprès de 16 diététistes du Canada. Les données ont été analysées au moyen d’une analyse thématique.
Résultats. Trois thèmes ont été notés : (i) l’abandon du binarisme; (ii) la discrimination systémique et les expériences de groupes 2SLGBTQ+; et (iii) les organisations professionnelles et le plaidoyer. Les participants ont discuté des obstacles structuraux, professionnels et culturels qui affectent les expériences en nutrition et en santé des groupes diversifiés sur le plan du sexe et du genre.
Conclusions. Les organismes de réglementation et les institutions en diététique doivent fournir des ressources sur la diversité de sexe et de genre, et s’engager dans des activités qui reconnaissent la vie et les préoccupations nutritionnelles des groupes diversifiés sur le plan du sexe et du genre. Un tel plaidoyer est un moyen de fournir des soins plus inclusifs et équitables. Les principales recommandations en matière de changements structuraux au sein de la profession sont d’utiliser un point de vue intersectionnel et une approche critique de la diététique en ce qui a trait aux soins nutritionnels.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Financial support: This work was funded by the Emerging Scholars Grant from Mount Saint Vincent University to the principal investigator, Dr. Phillip Joy.
Conflicts of interest: No conflict of interests reported.

REFERENCES

1
Brady J. Trading the apron for the white lab coat: A contemporary history of dietetics in Canada, 1954 to 2016 [dissertation]. Kingston, ON: Queen’s University; 2017.
2
Hwalla N and Koleilat M. Dietetic practice: the past, present and future. East Mediterr Health J. 2004;10(6):716–30.
3
Fraser K and Brady J. Exploring social justice advocacy in dietetic education: a content analysis. Can J Diet Pract Res. 2019;80(1):2–7.
4
Joy P and Numer M. Queering educational practices in dietetics training: a critical review of LGBTQ inclusion strategies. Can J Diet Pract Res. 2018;79(2):80–5.
5
Taylor R. Diversity in dietetics: why does it matter? [thesis]. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina; 2018.
6
Joy P, Crawford Z, Sinno J, Walters J, Numer M. A poststructural discourse analysis of the attitudes, beliefs, and values of undergraduate Canadian university students regarding sexual orientation. Can J Hum Sex. 2021; e20200053.
7
Coveney J, Booth S. Critical dietetics and critical nutrition studies. Cham: Springer International Publishing.
8
Partnership for Dietetic Education and Practice. Integrated competencies for dietetic education and practice (ICDEP). Canada: Partnership for Dietetic Education and Practice; 2020. https://www.pdep.ca/library/PDEP-Policies/Integrated-Competencies-For-Dietetic-Education-And.aspx.
9
Weedon C. Feminist practice and poststructuralist theory. London: Basil Blackwell; 1987.
10
Cheek J. Postmodern and poststructural approaches to nursing research. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc., 2000.
11
Foucault M. The history of sexuality vol. 1: An introduction (trans. Robert Hurley). New York: Random House; 1978.
12
Unluer S. Being an insider researcher while conducting case study research. Qual Rep. 2012;17(29):1–14.
13
Braun V and Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual Res Psychol. 2006;3:77–101.
14
Braun V and Clarke V. What can “thematic analysis” offer health and wellbeing researchers? Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being. 2014;9:26152.
15
Kinitz DJ, Salway T, Kia H, Ferlatte O, Rich AJ, Ross LE. Health of two-spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people experiencing poverty in Canada: a review. Health Promot Int. 2021:1–22.
16
Atkins J and Brady J. Queer theory and dietetics education: Interrupting heteronormativity. J Crit Diet. 2016;3(1):24–34.
17
Bauer GR, Hammond R, Travers R, Kaay M, Hohenadel KM, and Boyce M. “I don’t think this is theoretical; this is our lives”: how erasure impacts health care for transgender people. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2009;20(5):348–61.
18
Fergusson P, Greenspan N, Maitland L, and Huberdeau R. Towards providing culturally aware nutritional care for transgender people: key issues and considerations. Can J Diet Pract Res. 2018;79(2):74–9.
19
Glick J, Leamy C, Molsberry A, and Kerfeld C. Moving toward equitable health care for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer patients: education and training in physical therapy education. J Phys Ther Educ. 2020;34(3):192–7.
20
Giblon R and Bauer G. Health care availability, quality, and unmet need: a comparison of transgender and cisgender residents of Ontario, Canada. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017;17(1):1–10.
21
Snelgrove JW, Jasudavisius AM, Rowe BW, Head EM, and Bauer GR. “Completely out-at-sea” with “two-gender medicine”: a qualitative analysis of physician-side barriers to providing healthcare for transgender patients. BMC Health Serv Res. 2012;12(1):1–13.
22
Brady J. Social justice and dietetic education: Are we preparing practitioners to lead? Can J Diet Pract Res. 2020;81(3):120–6.
23
Meyer IH. Minority stress and mental health in gay men. J Health Soc Behav. 1995;36(1):38–56.
24
Zacko-Smith JD and Smith G. Recognizing and utilizing queer pedagogy: a call for teacher education to reconsider the knowledge base on sexual orientation for teacher education programs. Multicult Educ. 2010;18(1):2–9. ERIC Number: EJ916840.
25
Nemi Neto J. Queer pedagogy: approaches to inclusive teaching. Sage Journals. Policy Futures Educ. 2018;16(5):589–604.
26
Crenshaw K. On intersectionality: essential writings. New York: New Press; 2017.
27
Lim FA, Brown DV, Kim J, and Min S. Addressing health care disparities in the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender population: a review of best practices. Am J Nurs. 2014;114(6):24–34.
28
Rahman R and Linsenmeyer WR. Caring for transgender patients and clients: nutrition-related clinical and psychosocial considerations. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2019;119(5): 727–32.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 83Number 3September 2022
Pages: 112 - 119
Editor: Naomi Cahill

History

Version of record online: 3 May 2022

Key Words

  1. Social Justice
  2. Intersectionality
  3. 2SLGBTQ+
  4. Reformations
  5. Inequities
  6. Queer
  7. Dietetic Profession

Mots-clés

  1. justice sociale
  2. intersectionnalité
  3. 2SLGBTQ+
  4. réforme
  5. inégalités
  6. queer
  7. profession de diététiste

Authors

Affiliations

Nicholas Hickens
Applied Nutrition Department, Mount Saint-Vincent University, 166 Bedford Highway, Halifax, NS B3M 2J6, Canada
Duygu Gunaydin
Applied Nutrition Department, Mount Saint-Vincent University, 166 Bedford Highway, Halifax, NS B3M 2J6, Canada
Drew Burchell MA
Biology Department, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS, Canada
Phillip Joy PhD, RD
Applied Nutrition Department, Mount Saint-Vincent University, 166 Bedford Highway, Halifax, NS B3M 2J6, Canada

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Other Metrics

Citations

Cite As

Export Citations

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

There are no citations for this item

View Options

Login options

Check if you access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Subscribe

Click on the button below to subscribe to Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research

Purchase options

Purchase this article to get full access to it.

Restore your content access

Enter your email address to restore your content access:

Note: This functionality works only for purchases done as a guest. If you already have an account, log in to access the content to which you are entitled.

View options

PDF

View PDF

Full Text

View Full Text

Media

Media

Other

Tables

Share Options

Share

Share the article link

Share on social media