Issues in Implementing School Nutrition Policies

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
December 2003

Abstract

The implementation of school nutrition policies poses a challenge to dietitians as they work with schools to increase the availability of nutritious foods. An analysis of the implementation of the Food and Nutrition Policy for New Brunswick Schools, proclaimed by the department of education in 1991, revealed four factors that influenced implementation: selling food for profit, student choice, interpretation of the policy, and the approach to implementation. From 1997 to 1999, data were obtained from 50 participants at the provincial, district, and school levels through semi-structured interviews; supporting evidence was obtained through a review of pertinent documents. The policy goal was to develop good eating habits among schoolchildren. The policy objective to have all food services follow national guidelines for healthy eating was so controversial that implementation was inconsistent and had little impact on school foods. Opponents objected when the sale of certain foods was curtailed, felt the policy limited student choice, were unsure how to interpret it, and resented the department's top-down approach. Dietitians, who had minimal involvement with the New Brunswick policy, need to consider carefully how to work with educational agencies to combine support and pressure to foster the capacity and willingness of schools to implement nutrition policies.

Résumé

L'implantation de politiques de nutrition à l’école constitue un défi pour les diététistes qui tentent d'améliorer l'accès à des aliments nutritifs. Une analyse de l'implantation de la Food and Nutrition Policy for New Brunswick Schools, décrétée par le ministère de l’Éducation en 1991, a fait ressortir quatre facteurs qui influencent cette implantation : la vente de produits alimentaires dans un but lucratif, le choix offert aux élèves, l'interprétation de la politique et la démarche d'implantation. De 1997 à 1999, des données ont été recueillies auprès de 50 participants au niveau de la province, du district et de l’école par des entrevues semi-structurées; une revue des documents pertinents a servi à étayer l'information obtenue. La politique avait pour but de développer de bonnes habitudes alimentaires chez les écoliers. L'objectif visé – que tous les services alimentaires suivent les lignes directrices nationales en matière d'alimentation saine – était si controversé que l'implantation variait d'un établissement à l'autre et n'avait que peu d'effet sur les aliments offerts dans les écoles. Les opposants désapprouvaient que la vente de certains produits alimentaires soit restreinte, estimaient que la politique limitait le choix offert aux élèves, n’étaient pas sûrs de la façon de l'interpréter et déploraient l'attitude hiérarchique du ministère. Les diététistes, qui ont joué un rôle restreint dans l’établissement de la politique néo-brunswickoise, doivent réfléchir sérieusement à la façon de travailler avec les établissements d'enseignement pour associer soutien et pression afin de rehausser la capacité et la volonté des écoles d'implanter des politiques en nutrition.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 64Number 4December 2003
Pages: 208 - 213

History

Version of record online: 12 February 2007

Authors

Affiliations

Mary L. McKenna, PhD, RD
formerly Faculty of Education, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB

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Cited by

1. Moving Forward with School Nutrition Policies: A Case Study of Policy Adherence in Nova Scotia

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