Nutrient Inadequacy in Obese and Non-Obese Youth

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
December 2005

Abstract

Purpose: In this study, the Dietary Reference Intake standards were used to evaluate the prevalence of inadequate intakes of micronutrients in obese and non-obese youth.
Methods: Dietary intake was analyzed with a dietary history taken by a registered dietitian. The obese group (n=156) had a body mass index (BMI) above the 95th percentile for age and sex. The non-obese group (n=90) was between the tenth and 85th BMI percentiles.
Results: In the obese subjects, the prevalence of inadequate intakes was 81% for vitamin E and 27% for magnesium; the proportions with intakes below the Adequate Intakes (AIs) for calcium and vitamin D were 55% and 46%, respectively. The obese children consumed 124% of estimated need for energy, 32% of which came from fat. The non-obese had a similar prevalence of inadequate intakes (vitamin E, 93%; magnesium, 29%; calcium, 51%; vitamin D, 44%). They consumed 107% of estimated need for energy, and 31% of energy came from fat. For both groups, all other nutrient intakes were adequate.
Conclusions: Even though children may consume an excess of energy, they may not be meeting all of their micronutrient needs.

Résumé

Objectif: Dans cette étude, les Apports nutritionnels de référence ont été utilisés pour évaluer la prévalence d’apports inadéquats en micronutriments chez des jeunes obèses et non obèses.
Méthodes: L’apport alimentaire a été analysé par l’histoire alimentaire relevée par une diététiste professionnelle. Le groupe d’obèses (n=156) avaient un indice de masse corporelle (IMC) supérieur au 95e percentile pour l’âge et le sexe. Le groupe de non-obèses (n=90) se rangeaient entre le 10e et le 85e percentiles pour l’IMC.
Résultats: Chez les sujets obèses, la prévalence d’apports inadéquats se chiffrait à 81 % pour la vitamine E et à 27 % pour le magnésium; les apports inférieurs aux apports adéquats (AA) pour le calcium et la vitamine D se situaient à 55 % et 46 % respectivement. Les enfants obèses consommaient 124 % des besoins estimés en énergie, dont 32 % provenait des matières grasses. Les non-obèses présentaient une prévalence semblable d’apports inadéquats (vitamine E, 93 %; magnésium, 29 %, calcium, 51 %, vitamine D, 44 %). Ils consommaient 107 % des besoins estimés en énergie, et 31 % de cette énergie provenait des matières grasses. Dans les deux groupes, tous les autres apports en nutriments étaient adéquats.
Conclusions: Même si l’apport en énergie chez les enfants peut être excessif, ces derniers peuvent ne pas satisfaire à tous leurs besoins en micronutriments.

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Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 66Number 4December 2005
Pages: 237 - 242

History

Version of record online: 12 February 2007

Authors

Affiliations

Linda Gillis, MSc, RD
Children’s Exercise & Nutrition Centre, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON
Aubrey Gillis, MSc
Children’s Exercise & Nutrition Centre, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON

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