Sex Differences in the Effects of Repeated Taste Exposure to the Mediterranean Diet: A 6-month Follow-up Study
Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
26 February 2016
Abstract
Purpose: To determine whether an intervention based mainly on exposure to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), along with recommendations and tools for encouraging healthy eating, lead to different effects on dietary adherence and body weight management six months post-intervention in Canadian men and women.
Methods: Thirty-eight males and 32 premenopausal females (all aged 24–53 years) were exposed to the same 4-week experimental MedDiet during which all foods were provided to participants. Participants also received some recommendations and tools to adhere to a healthy way of eating, with no other contact until the 6-month follow-up visit.
Results: Compared with baseline, the Mediterranean score (MedScore) increased at the end of the 6-month follow-up (time effect P = 0.003), with no sex difference (sex-by-time interaction P = 0.97). With regard to MedScore components, sex differences were observed with males reporting changes in more dietary food groups than females. Although the intervention was not focused on body weight management, compared with baseline, BMI decreased during the intervention in both males and females; however, only females maintained the lower BMI 6 months after the intervention.
Conclusions: Exposure to the MedDiet for a short duration promotes the adherence to this food pattern in both sexes and helps in the management of body weight, especially in females.
Résumé
Objectif. Déterminer si une intervention basée principalement sur l'exposition au régime méditerranéen, accompagnée de recommandations et d'outils pour encourager une alimentation saine, mène à des effets différents en ce qui concerne l'adhésion au régime alimentaire et la gestion du poids six mois après l'intervention chez des femmes et des hommes canadiens.
Méthodes. Trente-huit hommes et 32 femmes préménopausées (tous âgés de 24 à 53 ans) ont été exposés au même régime méditerranéen expérimental pendant 4 semaines au cours desquelles la nourriture leur était fournie. Les participants ont aussi reçu des recommandations et des outils pour les aider à adhérer à un régime alimentaire sain, sans autre contact jusqu'à la visite de suivi 6 mois plus tard.
Résultats. En comparaison au début de l'étude, le score méditerranéen a augmenté à la fin du suivi de 6 mois (effet temps P = 0,003) sans différence entre les sexes (interaction entre le sexe et le temps P = 0,97). Concernant les composantes du score méditerranéen, on a observé des différences entre les sexes, les hommes déclarant des changements dans plus de groupes alimentaires que les femmes. Bien que l'intervention n'était pas axée sur la gestion du poids, en comparaison au début, l'IMC des participants a diminué au cours de l'intervention tant chez les hommes que chez les femmes. Cependant, seules les femmes ont maintenu un IMC plus bas 6 mois après l'intervention.
Conclusions. L'exposition de courte durée au régime méditerranéen favorise l'adhésion à ce modèle alimentaire chez les deux sexes et aide à la gestion du poids, particulièrement chez les femmes.
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Published In
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 77 • Number 3 • September 2016
Pages: 125 - 132
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Version of record online: 26 February 2016
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Alexandra Bédard PhD, Louise Corneau MSc, Sylvie Dodin MD, and Simone Lemieux PhD. 2016. Sex Differences in the Effects of Repeated Taste Exposure to the Mediterranean Diet: A 6-month Follow-up Study. Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research.
77(3): 125-132. https://doi.org/10.3148/cjdpr-2015-052
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