The Evidence for Screening Older Adults for Nutrition Risk in Primary Care: An Umbrella Review

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
15 March 2023

Abstract

It is not known if nutrition risk screening of older adults should be a standard practice in primary care. The evidence in support of nutrition risk screening of older adults in primary care was examined and critically analyzed using an umbrella review. The peer reviewed and grey literature were searched for clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and systematic reviews (SRs). Titles and abstracts were independently screened by the two authors. Resources were excluded if they did not apply to older adults, did not discuss nutrition/malnutrition risk screening, or were in settings other than primary care. Full texts were independently screened by both authors, resulting in the identification of six CPGs and three SRs that met the review criteria. Guidelines were appraised with the AGREE II tool and SRs with the AMSTAR 2 tool. The quality of the CPGs was high, while the quality of the SRs was low. The CPGs and SRs acknowledged a lack of high-quality research on the benefits of regular nutrition risk screening for older adults in primary care; however, CPGs recommended annual screening for older adults in primary care practices or other community settings. High-quality research investigating nutrition risk screening of older adults in primary care is needed.

Résumé

On ne sait pas si le dépistage des risques nutritionnels chez les aînés devrait être une pratique standard dans les soins primaires. Les données probantes appuyant le dépistage des risques nutritionnels chez les aînés en soins primaires ont été examinées et ont fait l’objet d’une analyse critique au moyen d’une revue générale. Une recherche ciblant les guides de pratique clinique (GPC) et les revues systématiques (RS) a été menée dans les publications révisées par les pairs et la littérature grise. Les titres et les résumés ont été examinés de façon indépendante par les deux auteures. Les ressources étaient exclues si elles ne s’appliquaient pas aux aînés, si elles ne traitaient pas du dépistage des risques liés à la nutrition/malnutrition ou si elles présentaient des contextes autres que les soins primaires. Les textes intégraux ont été examinés de façon indépendante par les deux auteures, ce qui a permis d’identifier six GPC et trois RS répondant aux critères de la revue. Les guides ont été évalués à l’aide de l’outil AGREE II et les RS, à l’aide de l’outil AMSTAR 2. La qualité des GPC était élevée, tandis que celle des RS était faible. Les GPC et les RS reconnaissaient l’absence de recherches de grande qualité sur les avantages d’un dépistage régulier des risques nutritionnels chez les aînés en soins primaires. Toutefois, les GPC recommandaient un dépistage annuel chez les aînés dans le cadre des soins primaires ou d’autres contextes communautaires. Des recherches de grande qualité sur le dépistage des risques nutritionnels chez les aînés en soins primaires sont requises.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 84Number 3September 2023
Pages: 159 - 166
Editor: Naomi Cahill

History

Version of record online: 15 March 2023

Key Words

  1. older adults
  2. primary care
  3. nutrition risk
  4. screening
  5. malnutrition risk

Mots-clés

  1. aînés
  2. soins primaires
  3. risque nutritionnel
  4. dépistage
  5. risque de malnutrition

Authors

Affiliations

Christine Marie Mills RD, MPH, PhD (candidate)
Aging & Health Program, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
Vanessa Trinca BSc, MSc
Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, ON, Canada

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1. Primary Care: An Ideal Setting for the Early Identification and Management of Nutrition-Related Issues

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