Using a Patient-Completed Food Frequency Questionnaire to Determine Mediterranean Diet Score in People with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
2 June 2023

Abstract

Purpose: To examine the level of agreement between a patient-completed food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and assessment of usual intake by a registered dietitian (RD) to score adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MedD) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Methods: Patients with IBD completed a short FFQ and were subsequently interviewed by an RD. A 12-item MedD score (MDS), adapted from the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), was calculated from the FFQ and RD assessments. To determine agreement between individual items, Cohen’s kappa coefficients were calculated. Absolute agreement between assessment methods was quantified using a one-way random intra-class correlation coefficient for a single measure.
Results: Forty-six patients with IBD participated. The mean FFQ-MDS was 4.59 (standard deviation [SD] = 1.65), and mean RD-MDS was 4.83 (SD = 1.53). Kappa coefficients for individual MEDAS items ranged from 0.41 to 0.78 (p < 0.01) between the FFQ- and RD-MDS. Most items demonstrated moderate to substantial agreement. The intra-class correlation coefficient for absolute agreement between the summed FFQ-MDS and RD-MDS was 0.71 (95% confidence interval: 0.52–0.83, p < 0.001), indicating moderate reliability.
Conclusions: This patient-completed FFQ may be a promising tool in clinical practice and research and would benefit from additional evaluation to validate its use in patients with IBD.

Résumé

Objectif. Examiner le niveau de concordance entre un questionnaire de fréquence alimentaire (QFA) rempli par le patient et l’évaluation de l’apport habituel par une diététiste (RD) pour évaluer l’adhésion à une alimentation méditerranéenne (AM) chez des patients atteints d’une maladie inflammatoire chronique de l’intestin (MICI).
Méthodes. Des patients atteints de MICI ont rempli un court QFA et ont ensuite été interrogés par une RD. Un score d’AM (SAM) en 12 points, adapté du Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), a été calculé à partir de l’évaluation des QFA et de la RD. Pour déterminer la concordance entre les éléments individuels, les coefficients Kappa de Cohen ont été calculés. La concordance absolue entre les méthodes d’évaluation a été quantifiée à l’aide d’un coefficient de corrélation intraclasse aléatoire à sens unique pour une seule mesure.
Résultats. Quarante-six patients atteints de MICI ont participé. Le SAM-QFA moyen était de 4,59 (écart-type [ET] = 1,65) et le SAM-RD moyen, de 4,83 (ET = 1,53). Les coefficients Kappa pour les éléments individuels du MEDAS variaient de 0,41 à 0,78 (p < 0,01) entre le SAM-QFA et le SAM-RD. La plupart des éléments ont démontré une concordance modérée à substantielle. Le coefficient de corrélation intraclasse pour la concordance absolue entre le SAM-QFA et le SAM-RD calculés était de 0,71 (intervalle de confiance à 95 % : 0,52–0,83, p < 00,001), indiquant une fiabilité modérée.
Conclusions. Ce QFA rempli par le patient pourrait être un outil prometteur dans la pratique clinique et la recherche, et il serait judicieux de mieux l’évaluer afin de valider son utilisation chez les patients vivant avec une MICI.

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Sources of financial support: This work was supported by a 2018 Alberta Digestive Health Strategic clinical network seed grant and by Alberta’s Collaboration of Nutrition in Digestive Disease (Ascend) funding partners (i.e., Takeda, University Hospital Foundation, Government of Alberta).
Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 84Number 4December 2023
Pages: 247 - 250
Editor: Naomi Cahill

History

Version of record online: 2 June 2023

Key Words

  1. inflammatory bowel disease
  2. dietary intake
  3. Mediterranean diet
  4. nutrition screening tool
  5. food frequency questionnaire

Mots-clés

  1. maladie inflammatoire chronique de l’intestin
  2. apport alimentaire
  3. alimentation méditerranéenne
  4. outil d’évaluation de l’alimentation
  5. questionnaire de fréquence alimentaire

Authors

Affiliations

Lorian M Taylor RD, PhD
Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB
Puneeta Tandon MD, MSc, FRCPC
Division of Gastroenterology (Liver Unit), Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Zeidler Ledcor Centre, Edmonton, AB
Maitreyi Raman MD, MSc, FRCPC
Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB
Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB
Snyder Institute of Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB

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