Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) refers to a particular cluster of metabolic abnormalities (hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, and visceral fat deposition) that can lead to a 1.5- to 2-fold increased relative risk of cardiovascular disease. Various combinations of healthier eating patterns and increased physical activity have been shown to improve metabolic abnormalities and reduce MetS prevalence. Dietitians who counsel MetS patients are challenged to integrate guidance from various medical management guidelines and research studies with effective behavioural change strategies and specific advice on what food and eating pattern changes will be most effective, feasible, and acceptable to clients. As part of a demonstration project that is currently underway, we developed a care map (decision aid) that represents the key decision processes involved in diet counselling for MetS. The care map is based on evidence from both clinical and health behaviour change studies and expert consensus and has undergone limited dietitian review. It is being used to help project dietitians clearly articulate their specific food intake change goals. Additional studies to directly compare counselling strategies could inform future development of the map. In the meantime, dietitians may find this care map helpful in clarifying counselling goals and strategies in this client group.

Résumé

Le terme « syndrome métabolique » (SM) fait référence à un groupe particulier d'anomalies du métabolisme (hypertension artérielle, dyslipidémie, diabète de type 2 et dépôt de graisse viscérale) qui peuvent faire augmenter de 1,5 à 2 fois le risque relatif de maladie cardiovasculaire. Or, il a été démontré que diverses combinaisons d'habitudes alimentaires plus saines et de niveaux accrus d'activité physique améliorent les anomalies du métabolisme et réduisent la prévalence de SM. Les diététistes qui conseillent les patients atteints de SM doivent intégrer les recommandations de diverses études et directives de prise en charge médicale à des stratégies efficaces de modification du comportement et à des conseils précis sur les changements alimentaires les plus efficaces, réalisables et acceptables pour les clients. À l'occasion d'un projet-pilote en cours, nous avons mis au point un plan de soins (aide à la décision) qui représente les processus décisionnels clés utilisés pour la consultation en diététique relative au SM. Le plan de soins est basé sur des données probantes provenant d’études cliniques, d’études sur les changements de comportements relatifs à la santé ainsi que du consensus des experts, et il a fait l'objet d'un nombre limité d’évaluations par des diététistes. Cet outil est employé afin d'aider les diététistes du projet à définir clairement leurs objectifs précis en ce qui a trait aux modifications de l'apport alimentaire. D'autres études visant à comparer de manière directe des stratégies de consultation pourraient orienter le développement futur du plan. Entre-temps, les diététistes pourraient trouver ce plan de soins utile pour clarifier les objectifs et les stratégies de consultation pour ce groupe de soins.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 75Number 03September 2014
Pages: 132 - 139

History

Version of record online: 15 August 2014

Authors

Affiliations

Dawna Royall, MSc, RD
Nutrition Research Consulting, Fergus, ON
Paula Brauer, PhD, RD
Department of Family Relations & Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON
Laura Bjorklund, MSc, RD
Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON
Olivia O'Young, MSc, RD
Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON
Angelo Tremblay, PhD
Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Que., QC
Khursheed Jeejeebhoy, MD, PhD
Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
Daren Heyland, MD, MSc, FRCPC
Clinical Evaluation Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, ON
Rupinder Dhaliwal, BASc, RD
Clinical Evaluation Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, ON
Doug Klein, MD, CCFP, MSc
Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
David M. Mutch, PhD
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON

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