Examining the Cultural Competence of Third- and Fourth-Year Nutrition Students: A Pilot Study

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
17 August 2015

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to provide preliminary Canadian research assessing nutrition students’ cultural competence and to identify areas for future education initiatives in dietetic education that could ultimately improve dietitians’ cultural competence. A mixed-methods study was conducted using a 24-item questionnaire that was administered to students enrolled in third- and fourth-year undergraduate nutrition classes (n = 133). In total, 115 questionnaires were analyzed for quantitative data, and 109 were analyzed for qualitative data. The students scored an overall medium–high level of cultural competence. Out of the 5 areas examined (skills, attitudes, awareness, desires, knowledge), students’ multicultural knowledge scores were the lowest. It was found that a lower number of barriers to learning about other cultures were significantly associated with a higher overall cultural competence score, and taking a course in cultural foods significantly increased the students’ knowledge and overall cultural competence (P ≤ 0.05). The qualitative data found that students felt the cultural competence curriculum had gaps and identified several ideas for improvement. In conclusion, this research data provides novel insights into the cultural competence of Canadian dietetic students and additionally supports future research and curriculum development to enhance cultural competence.

Résumé

L'objectif de cette étude était de fournir une recherche canadienne préliminaire évaluant les compétences culturelles des étudiants en nutrition et de cibler des domaines où des initiatives intégrées aux programmes de formation en diététique pourraient améliorer les compétences culturelles des diététistes. Une étude à méthodes mixtes a été menée à l'aide d'un questionnaire comportant 24 questions auxquelles ont répondu des étudiants de troisième et de quatrième année au baccalauréat en nutrition (n = 133). Au total, 115 questionnaires ont été analysés pour obtenir des données quantitatives et 109 pour des données qualitatives. Globalement, les étudiants ont obtenu un niveau de compétences culturelles de moyen à élevé. Parmi les 5 domaines évalués (habiletés, attitudes, sensibilisation, désirs et connaissances), les résultats relatifs aux connaissances multiculturelles étaient les plus faibles. Les résultats révèlent qu'un nombre moins élevé d'obstacles à l'apprentissage à propos d'autres cultures était significativement associé à un résultat global plus élevé en matière de compétences culturelles et que le fait de suivre un cours sur les aliments culturels augmentait significativement les connaissances des étudiants et leurs compétences culturelles globales (p ≤ 0,05). Les données qualitatives ont révélé que les étudiants sentaient que la partie du curriculum portant sur les compétences culturelles présentait des lacunes et ont permis de cibler plusieurs idées d'amélioration. En conclusion, les données de cette recherche fournissent de nouvelles perspectives quant aux compétences culturelles des étudiants canadiens en diététique et soutiennent par ailleurs les recherches futures et le développement curriculaire visant à rehausser les compétences culturelles.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 76Number 4December 2015
Pages: 178 - 184

History

Version of record online: 17 August 2015

Authors

Affiliations

Rebekah Hack MScFN, RD(c)
Division of Foods and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
Sharareh Hekmat PhD
Division of Foods and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
Latifeh Ahmadi PhD
Division of Foods and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada

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Cited by

1. Linking Immigrants with Nutrition Knowledge (Project LINK): An Innovative Approach to Improve Cultural Competence in Dietetic Education
2. RE: Inclusive Dietetic Practice
3. Aboriginal Cultural Competency in Dietetics: A National Survey of Canadian Registered Dietitians

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