Feeding Patterns and Weight Among First Nations Children

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
12 February 2007

Abstract

Purpose: Little information is available on the growth and feeding patterns of First Nations children. Our goal was to assess the anthropometric status, feeding practices, and dietary intake of children born in 1994 or 1995 (n=102) and living in Walpole Island First Nation.
Methods: Information on demographic characteristics and infant feeding practices was obtained through parent interviews conducted between 1994 and 1999. Parents also completed a 24-hour dietary recall for their children when they were 48 months old. Head circumference was measured at three and 18 months, and weight and length/height at three, 18, 33, and 48 months.
Results: Most infants (75%) were breastfed at birth; however, by the time infants were three months old, 39.7% of the mothers had stopped breastfeeding. Over half (57.1%) of the infants were fed solids before age three months, 11.6% were given whole milk before age nine months, and 59.4% had low fat milk before age two years. Body mass index (kg/m2) (BMI) was above the 85th percentile for 27.8% at the 48-month interview, and was associated with a maternal BMI above 25 (OR=7.8, CI=1.1-41.9).
Conclusions: Mothers need to be encouraged to follow current infant feeding recommendations. Strategies should be developed to reduce the prevalence of overweight among adults and children in First Nations communities.

Résumé

Objectif: On dispose de peu d’information sur la croissance et les modèles d’alimentation des enfants des Premières Nations. Notre but était d’évaluer les données anthropométriques, les pratiques d’alimentation et l’apport alimentaire chez des enfants nés en 1994 ou 1995 (n=102) et vivant à l’île Walpole.
Méthodes: L’information sur les caractéristiques démographiques et les pratiques d’alimentation des enfants a été obtenue auprès des parents par des entrevues menées entre 1994 et 1999. Les parents ont également rempli un rappel alimentaire de 24 heures pour leurs enfants lorsque ces derniers avaient 48 mois. Le périmètre crânien a été mesuré à 3 et à 18 mois, et le poids et la taille, à 3, 18, 33 et 48 mois.
Résultats: La plupart des enfants (75%) ont été allaités à la naissance; cependant, lorsqu’ils ont atteint l’âge de 3 mois, 39,7% des mères ont cessé l’allaitement. Plus de la moitié (57,1%) des enfants ont pris des aliments solides avant l’âge de 3 mois, 11,6% ont pris du lait entier avant l’âge de 9 mois et 59,4% ont pris du lait à faible teneur en matières grasses avant l’âge de 2 ans. L’indice de masse corporelle (kg/m2) (IMC) était supérieur au 85e percentile chez 27,8% des enfants au moment de l’entrevue à 48 mois, et il était associé à un IMC maternel de plus de 25 (RC=7,8; IC=1,1-41,9).
Conclusions: Les mères doivent être encouragées à suivre les recommandations actuelles sur l’alimentation des nourrissons. Des stratégies devraient être élaborées pour réduire la prévalence de l’obésité chez les adultes et les enfants des communautés des Premières Nations.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 67Number 2July 2006
Pages: 79 - 84

History

Version of record online: 12 February 2007

Authors

Affiliations

Karen Kuperberg, MSc
Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON
Susan Evers, PhD
Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON

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