The Effect of Parental Feeding Behaviours: And Participation of Children in Organized Sports/Activities On Child Body Mass Index

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
19 November 2010

Abstract

Purpose: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, we explored the relationship of parental feeding practices and child physical activity levels with measured body mass index (BMI) in a sample of 97 Ontario preschoolers.
Methods: Child weight and height were measured; physical activity and sedentary behaviours were assessed by questionnaire. Preschoolers’ parents used the Child Feeding Questionnaire to report their attitudes, concerns, and practices in relation to child feeding. Hierarchical multiple linear regression was used to determine relationships among variables.
Results: Up to 25% of the preschoolers were overweight and/or obese. The regression model accounted for 53% of the variance in child BMI. Child BMI was predicted to be higher when parents had concerns about and perceived their children to be overweight, and when they felt responsible for what their children ate. Children's BMIs were predicted to be lower for those whose parents pressured them to eat and also for those who engaged in organized sports or activities.
Conclusions: This study suggests an association between BMI and parental perceptions, concerns, and practices related to child feeding and organized sports or activities. Public health initiatives related to healthy eating and/or obesity prevention should include a focus on parents of preschool-aged children with the home environment as a potential setting.

Résumé

Objectif: Dans cette étude transversale descriptive, nous avons exploré la relation entre les pratiques d'alimentation des parents et le niveau d'activité physique des enfants, et l'indice de masse corporelle (IMC) auprès d'un échantillon de 97 enfants d’âge préscolaire de l'Ontario.
Méthodes: Le poids et la taille des enfants ont été mesurés, et l'activité physique et les comportements sédentaires ont été évalués à l'aide d'un questionnaire. Les parents d'enfants d’âge préscolaire ont utilisé le questionnaire sur l'alimentation pour rapporter leurs attitudes, inquiétudes et pratiques en lien avec l'alimentation des enfants. Une analyse de régression linéaire multiple hiérarchique a été utilisée pour déterminer le lien entre les variables.
Résultats: Jusqu’à 25 % des enfants d’âge préscolaire présentaient un surplus de poids ou étaient obèses. Le modèle de régression était responsable de 53 % de la variance en ce qui concerne l'IMC des enfants. On avait prédit que l'IMC d'un enfant serait plus élevé lorsque les parents étaient préoccupés quant à un potentiel surplus de poids chez leur enfant ou croyaient que ce dernier en présentait un, et lorsqu'ils se sentaient responsables de l'alimentation de leur enfant. Par ailleurs, on avait prédit que l'IMC serait plus faible chez les enfants dont les parents exerçaient une pression pour qu'ils mangent et chez ceux qui participaient à des activités ou sports organisés.
Conclusions: Cette étude suggère une association entre l'IMC et les perceptions, inquiétudes et pratiques parentales en lien avec l'alimentation des enfants et les activités ou sports organisés. Les initiatives en santé publique relatives à la saine alimentation ou à la prévention de l'obésité devraient viser les parents d'enfants d’âge préscolaire et être applicables dans l'environnement familial.

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Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 71Number 4December 2010
Pages: 178

History

Version of record online: 19 November 2010

Authors

Affiliations

Catherine Shea, MAN, RD
Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON
John J. M. Dwyer, PhD
Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON
Elizabeth Shaver Heeney, MSc, RD
Hamilton Public Health Services, Family Health Division, Dundas, ON
Richard Goy, MA
Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON
Janis Randall Simpson, PhD, RD
Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON

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