Food and Mood: Diet Quality is Inversely Associated with Depressive Symptoms in Female University Students

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
23 March 2017

Abstract

Researchers have found support for an inverse association between diet quality and depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults. This association has not been well examined among university students, a population at risk of developing both depression and unhealthy lifestyle habits. We sought to examine the cross-sectional association between depressive symptoms and diet quality in female university students. One hundred and forty-one females (19.1 ± 1.5 years, 22.3 ± 3.4 kg/m2) were recruited from a Canadian university in 2012 and 2013. Dietary intake data were collected using 3-day food records and analysed using the Canadian Healthy Eating Index. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Results of a linear regression demonstrated an inverse association between depressive symptoms and diet quality score (β = −0.016, 95% CI = −0.029 to −0.003, P = 0.017). Elevated depressive symptoms were associated with consumption of diets of poor nutritional quality in our female university student sample. Thus, healthy eating may correspond with lower levels of depression in young adult females.

Résumé

Des chercheurs ont trouvé des données suggérant une association inverse entre la qualité de l’alimentation et les symptômes de dépression chez les adultes d’âge moyen. Or, cette association n’a pas été examinée adéquatement chez les étudiants universitaires, une population présentant des risques de dépression et d’adoption d’habitudes de vie malsaines. L’étude visait à étudier l’association transversale entre l’apparition de symptômes de dépression et la qualité de l’alimentation chez les étudiantes universitaires. En 2012 et en 2013, 141 femmes (19,1 ± 1,5 ans, 22,3 ± 3,4 kg/m2) d’une université canadienne ont été recrutées. Des données sur l’apport alimentaire ont été recueillies au moyen de journaux alimentaires tenus sur 3 jours, puis analysées à l’aide de l’indice de saine alimentation pour le Canada (Healthy Eating Index). Les symptômes de dépression ont été évalués selon l’échelle d’évaluation de la dépression du Center for Epidemiologic Studies. Les résultats d’une régression linéaire ont montré une association inverse entre les symptômes de dépression et l’indice de qualité de l’alimentation (β = −0,016; IC à 95 % = −0,029 à −0,003; p = 0,017). Les symptômes de dépression graves étaient associés à la consommation de régimes alimentaires de faible qualité nutritionnelle chez les étudiantes universitaires de l’étude. Donc, une saine alimentation pourrait être corrélée avec de plus faibles taux de dépression chez les jeunes femmes.

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Source of financial support: This study was funded by a learning enhancement fund grant from the Provost, University of Guelph.
Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 78Number 3September 2017
Pages: 124 - 128

History

Version of record online: 23 March 2017

Authors

Affiliations

Rachel Quehl MSc
Department of Family Relations and Applied Human Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON
Jess Haines PhD, RD
Department of Family Relations and Applied Human Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON
Stephen P. Lewis PhD
Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON
Andrea C. Buchholz PhD, RD
Department of Family Relations and Applied Human Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON

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