Weight Inclusive Practice: Shifting the Focus from Weight to Social Justice

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
18 November 2019

Abstract

Obesity is framed by mainstream media and health care professionals as an “epidemic” contributing to the ill health of the population. This paper reviews literature related to dominant discourses about weight in dietetics, drawing on literature from other health care disciplines, and how these discourses influence patient care. Emerging, competing discourses are also reviewed. Literature highlighted that dietitians and dietetic students are often biased and hold stigmatizing beliefs toward “overweight” and “obese” patients. No research has been conducted in Canada addressing this question, leaving this as an opportunity for future research. Weight stigma and interventions focused on weight have multiple negative implications for individuals, especially those living in larger bodies, including reluctance to seek health care, poor body image, subsequent weight gain, and increased disordered eating. There are alternative discourses emerging, which shift the focus away from weight and toward social justice. The ways in which dietetic students are trained to “manage” weight, and how dominant discourses influence this training, is an important area of future exploration. Dietetic professionals are encouraged to reflect on their weight biases and educate themselves on weight inclusive approaches to health, such as Health at Every Size and Well Now.

Résumé

L’obésité est représentée par les médias grand public et les professionnels de la santé comme une « épidémie » qui contribue au mauvais état de santé de la population. Cet article examine d’une part la littérature du domaine de la diététique portant sur les discours dominants concernant le poids, en tirant parti de la littérature d’autres disciplines des soins de santé, et d’autre part la manière dont ces discours influencent les soins aux patients. Les discours concurrents émergents sont également examinés. La littérature a permis de relever que les diététistes et les étudiants en diététique ont souvent des préjugés et des croyances stigmatisantes à l’égard des patients obèses ou ayant un excès de poids. Aucune recherche n’a été menée au Canada sur cette question, ce qui laisse la place à de futures recherches. La stigmatisation liée au poids et les interventions qui mettent l’accent sur le poids ont de nombreux effets négatifs sur les personnes, en particulier sur celles ayant un poids élevé, par exemple une réticence à se faire soigner, une mauvaise image corporelle, un gain de poids subséquent et une hausse des troubles de l’alimentation. Or, de nouveaux discours émergents mettent l’accent sur la justice sociale plutôt que sur le poids. La manière dont les étudiants en diététique sont formés pour « gérer » le poids et la façon dont les discours dominants influencent cette formation sont des domaines qu’il sera important d’explorer. Les professionnels en diététique sont encouragés à réfléchir à leurs préjugés par rapport au poids et à s’éduquer sur les approches de la santé inclusives, comme Health at Every Size et Well Now.

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Financial support: None.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 81Number 3September 2020
Pages: 127 - 131

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Version of record online: 18 November 2019

Authors

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Meredith Bessey MScAHN(c)
Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS
Daphne Lordly DEd
Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS

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