Food Insecurity in Older Adults in Canada and the United States: A Concept Analysis
Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
21 July 2021
Abstract
A concept analysis using the method of Walker and Avant was undertaken to clarify the concept of food insecurity in older adults in Canada and the United States. A literature review was undertaken to conduct a concept analysis of food insecurity in older people. Food insecurity is associated with multiple negative health outcomes and may be experienced differently by older adults as compared to younger adults. It is therefore important to understand the concept of food insecurity as is relates to older adults. Four defining attributes of food insecurity in older adults in Canada and the United States were identified: (i) inability to acquire or prepare enough food, (ii) compromising on food quality or preference, (iii) uncertainty or anxiety around the ability to acquire or prepare food, and (iv) socially unacceptable or non-normative practices. These attributes may allow for improved policies and programs aimed at addressing food insecurity in older adults by better meeting the needs of older individuals. Additional research into food insecurity as experienced by Canadian and American older adults could help to further clarify the concept.
Résumé
Une analyse de concept basée sur la méthode de Walker et Avant a été menée pour clarifier le concept de l’insécurité alimentaire chez les aînés au Canada et aux États-Unis. Une revue de littérature a été entreprise afin d’analyser le concept de l’insécurité alimentaire chez les aînés. L’insécurité alimentaire est associée à de multiples effets négatifs sur la santé et peut être vécue différemment par les aînés comparativement aux plus jeunes adultes. Il est donc important de comprendre le concept d’insécurité alimentaire telle que vécue par les aînés. Quatre caractéristiques définissant l’insécurité alimentaire chez les aînés au Canada et aux États-Unis ont été identifiées : (i) l’incapacité de se procurer ou de préparer assez de nourriture, (ii) les compromis sur la qualité ou les préférences alimentaires, (iii) l’incertitude ou l’anxiété quant à la capacité de se procurer ou de préparer de la nourriture, et (iv) les pratiques socialement inacceptables ou hors-norme. La définition de ces caractéristiques pourrait permettre d’améliorer les politiques et les programmes visant à lutter contre l’insécurité alimentaire chez les aînés en répondant mieux à leurs besoins. Des recherches supplémentaires sur l’insécurité alimentaire que vivent les aînés au Canada et aux États-Unis pourraient contribuer à clarifier davantage ce concept.
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Financial support: Christine Mills is supported by a Queen Elizabeth II Graduate Scholarship in Science and Technology.
Conflicts of interest: The author declares that she has no competing interests.
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Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 82 • Number 4 • December 2021
Pages: 200 - 208
Editor: Naomi Cahill Ph.D RD
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Christine MarieMillsRD, MPH, PhD (candidate). 2021. Food Insecurity in Older Adults in Canada and the United States: A Concept Analysis. Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research.
82(4): 200-208. https://doi.org/10.3148/cjdpr-2021-016
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