Dietary Changes Albertan Women Make During Pregnancy: Thematic Analysis of Self-reported Changes and Reasons

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
3 October 2018

Abstract

Purpose: To explore dietary changes Albertan women make during pregnancy, reasons they make changes, and alignment with prenatal nutrition recommendations.
Methods: Women up to 6 months postpartum were recruited in public health centres and Primary Care Networks. Qualitative data were collected through a self-administered survey including 2 open-ended questions that asked about changes made to food/beverage intake during pregnancy and why these changes were made.
Results: A majority (n = 577) of the 737 women completing the survey described changes they made to their food/beverage intake during pregnancy and 193 respondents provided reasons for these changes. Increased intake of fruits/vegetables, meat, milk, and their alternatives (n = 600); limiting or avoidance of foods/beverages known to be harmful during pregnancy (n = 445); and increased food/fluid intake or meal/snack frequency (n = 405) were commonly reported dietary changes. Motivations relating to health and to control physiological changes/manage health conditions were the most frequent reasons provided.
Conclusions: Women make diverse dietary changes and have various motivations for food choices during pregnancy. A majority make dietary changes to support a healthy pregnancy. However, the motivation to control discomforts and respond to hunger and thirst sensations reflect a stronger influencer on women’s choices than is currently addressed in prenatal nutrition messages.

Résumé

Objectif. Explorer les changements alimentaires effectués durant la grossesse par des Albertaines, les raisons de ces changements et leur harmonisation avec les recommandations sur la nutrition prénatale.
Méthodes. Des femmes en période post-partum (jusqu’à six mois) ont été recrutées dans les centres de santé publique et les réseaux de soins de santé primaires. Des données qualitatives ont été recueillies grâce à un sondage autoadministré comprenant deux questions ouvertes portant sur les changements effectués en matière d’apport en aliments et en boissons durant la grossesse et sur les raisons de ces changements.
Résultats. Une majorité (n = 577) des 737 femmes ayant rempli le sondage ont décrit les changements qu’elles avaient apportés à leur apport en aliments et en boissons durant la grossesse et 193 répondantes ont donné les raisons de ces changements. Une augmentation de la consommation de fruits et légumes, ainsi que de viande, de lait et de leurs substituts (n = 600); une diminution ou une élimination des boissons et aliments reconnus comme étant dommageables durant la grossesse (n = 445); et une augmentation de l’apport en aliments et en liquides ou de la fréquence des repas et des collations (n = 405) étaient des changements alimentaires couramment rapportés. Des motivations liées à la santé, à la régulation des changements physiologiques et à la gestion de l’état de santé étaient les raisons les plus fréquemment évoquées.
Conclusions. Les femmes effectuent différents changements alimentaires durant leur grossesse, et diverses motivations justifient leurs choix. La majorité apporte des changements alimentaires pour favoriser une grossesse en santé. Cependant, la motivation de contrôler les inconforts et de répondre aux sensations de faim et de soif indique qu’il s’agit de facteurs d’influence plus importants par rapport à ce qu’énoncent les messages sur la nutrition prénatale.

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Financial support: This analysis was made possible through research and support from the Reproductive Health Team, Evaluation Specialists, and Nutrition Services, Alberta Health Services. No external funding was received.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 80Number 1March 2019
Pages: 39 - 43

History

Version of record online: 3 October 2018

Authors

Affiliations

Sarah Frank Nichols MPH, RD
Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB
Suzanne Galesloot MSA, RD
Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB
Dolly Bondarianzadeh MSc, PhD
Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB
Susan Buhler PhD (c), RD
Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB

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