Reproducing or Reducing Inequity? Considerations for School Food Programs

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
3 October 2017

Abstract

It is important to consider health inequities when exploring the extent to which school food programs may contribute to the stigmatization and social exclusion of families experiencing food insecurity. As part of a broader school-based project, this paper considers evidence derived from a secondary analysis of research in Nova Scotia (NS). In the original research, interviews were conducted with key stakeholders involved in supporting health promotion activities across NS elementary schools. For this article, data were re-examined using tenets of critical discourse analysis to evaluate if school practices were addressing the root social issues by identifying patterns in language and institutional norms. Our findings suggested that further illumination of programs may be needed to ensure that they do not contribute to the stigmatization and social exclusion of families experiencing food insecurity. Nutrition professionals are in a position to engage families experiencing food insecurity in policy action that will shift from a focus on individual determinants towards the social–structural conditions that underlie the complex issue of food insecurity.

Résumé

Il est important de prendre en considération les inégalités sur le plan de la santé lorsqu’on étudie à quel point les programmes d’alimentation dans les écoles pourraient contribuer à la stigmatisation et à l’exclusion sociale de familles victimes d’insécurité alimentaire. Dans le cadre d’un plus vaste projet en milieu scolaire, cet article examine les données probantes issues de l’analyse secondaire d’une recherche effectuée en Nouvelle-Écosse. Dans la recherche d’origine, des entrevues ont été effectuées avec des intervenants clés jouant un rôle dans le soutien d’activités de promotion de la santé dans les écoles primaires de la Nouvelle-Écosse. Pour cet article, les données ont été réexaminées en utilisant les principes de l’analyse du discours critique pour évaluer, en détectant des tendances propres au langage et aux normes institutionnelles, si les pratiques en milieu scolaire s’attaquaient aux problèmes sociaux qui sont à l’origine du problème. Nos résultats suggèrent qu’il pourrait être nécessaire de mieux expliquer les programmes pour assurer qu’ils ne contribuent pas à la stigmatisation et à l’exclusion sociale de familles victimes d’insécurité alimentaire. Les professionnels de la nutrition peuvent engager les familles victimes d’insécurité alimentaire dans une action politique qui mettra l’accent sur les facteurs sociaux et structurels qui sous-tendent le problème complexe de l’insécurité alimentaire plutôt que sur les déterminants individuels.

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Financial support: This work was supported by an operating grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) [FRN: 93680]. JLM acknowledges funding from a Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship (CIHR), Knowledge Translation Canada and CIHR (TGF 97068), a Bright Red Graduate Research Award from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, and the Canadian Cancer Society (Grant #703878).
Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 79Number 1March 2018
Pages: 18 - 22
Editor: Newton Lupwayi

History

Version of record online: 3 October 2017

Authors

Affiliations

Jessie-Lee D. Mcisaac PhD
Healthy Populations Institute, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
Kendra Read MSc, PDt
Northern Zone, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS
Patricia L. Williams PhD, PDt
Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS
Kim D. Raine PhD, RD
School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
Paul J. Veugelers PhD
School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
Sara F.l. Kirk PhD
Healthy Populations Institute, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS

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Cited by

1. Children’s Perceptions of the Ontario Student Nutrition Program (OSNP) in Southwestern Ontario, Canada
2. Moving from Policy to Practice: A Report of School Nutrition Policy Adherence in Nova Scotia

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