Knowledge and Perceptions of Plant-Based Diets among Competitive and Recreational Athletes

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
4 June 2020

Abstract

Little is known about athletes’ perceptions of emerging dietary guidance on plant-based diets (PBD). To explore knowledge and perceptions of PBD among competitive and recreational athletes, an online survey was developed, pilot tested, and sent via email to athletes recruited from 2 Canadian post-secondary institutions. Survey questions explored athletes’ understanding and views of the proposed Canadian dietary guidelines emphasizing plant-based proteins. Data were analyzed using grounded theory approaches. Forty-eight athletes participated in the survey. Two major themes emerged: (i) athletes had mixed perceptions of plant-based eating (PBE) and (ii) athletes associated PBE with broader food system concerns. Athletes have the potential to be important advocates of healthy and sustainable eating among peer groups and the general public. For effective promotion of PBE, the unique nutrient requirements and performance goals of athletes should be considered. Messaging to encourage a flexible rather than strict view of PBD may be a more feasible and acceptable approach when working with athletes.

Résumé

On sait peu de choses sur la perception qu’ont les athlètes des recommandations alimentaires émergentes qui misent sur les régimes alimentaires à base de végétaux (RABV). Afin d’en savoir plus sur les connaissances et perceptions des athlètes amateurs et de compétition quant aux RABV, un sondage en ligne a été élaboré, mis à l’essai et envoyé par courriel à des athlètes recrutés dans deux établissements postsecondaires canadiens. Les questions du sondage portaient sur la compréhension et l’opinion des athlètes relativement aux lignes directrices canadiennes proposées en matière d’alimentation, lesquelles mettent l’accent sur les protéines végétales. Les données ont été analysées à l’aide de théories ancrées dans des données empiriques. Quarante-huit athlètes ont répondu au sondage. Deux grands thèmes sont ressortis : (i) les athlètes avaient des perceptions mitigées quant à l’alimentation à base de végétaux (ABV); et (ii) les athlètes associaient l’ABV à des préoccupations plus générales en lien avec le système alimentaire. Les athlètes peuvent jouer un rôle important dans la promotion d’une alimentation saine et durable auprès de leurs pairs et du grand public. Pour une promotion efficace de l’ABV, les objectifs de performance des athlètes et leurs besoins nutritifs uniques doivent être considérés. Les messages visant à encourager une conception souple plutôt que stricte de l’ABV pourraient constituer une approche plus réaliste et plus acceptable auprès des athlètes.

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Financial disclosure: No funding to disclose.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 81Number 4December 2020
Pages: 204 - 209

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Version of record online: 4 June 2020

Authors

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Kevin Iwasa-Madge MHSc, RD
School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON
Jessica Wegener PhD, RD
School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON

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