Identification and Treatment of Protein-energy Malnutrition in Renal Disease

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
16 February 2010

Abstract

A web-based cross-country survey of renal registered dietitians (RRDs) was launched. It was used to assess whether or not their clinical practice in identifying and treating proteinenergy malnutrition (PEM) in adults with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and dialysis was based on current nutrition practice guidelines (NPGs). The survey included questions on strategies, timelines, and markers used for the identification and treatment of PEM. Fifty-nine RRDs responded (21%). Sixty-seven percent did not base clinical practice on NPGs, while 33% indicated they followed the guidelines. Of those who followed guidelines, 76% use the National Kidney Foundation— Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative nutrition guidelines. Strategies used to identify and treat PEM were not related to duration of RRD experience in nephrology, but were significantly different between guidelines users and non-users. Guideline users commonly used key nutrition treatment strategies that included enteral/parenteral nutrition and medication therapy. The clinical practice of RRD is typically based on expert opinion/consensus, rather than on evidence-based practice guidelines (EBPG). It remains unclear if differences in RRDs’ adoption of clinical guidelines influences patient outcomes, particularly in the treatment of PEM. Up-to-date EBPG need to be developed for the identification and treatment of PEM in patients with ESRD.

Résumé

Un sondage en ligne auprès de diététistes professionnelles en néphrologie (DPN) a été lancé dans tout le pays afin de déterminer si leur pratique clinique dans le dépistage et le traitement de la manultrition protéino-énergétique (MPE) chez des adultes en phase terminale d'une maladie rénale (PTMR) et dialysés était basée sur les lignes directrices de pratique nutritionnelle actuelles (LDPN). Le sondage renfermait des questions sur les stratégies, les délais et les marqueurs utilisés pour le dépistage et le traitement de la MPE. Au total, 59 DPN ont répondu (21%); 67% ne basaient pas leur pratique clinique sur les LDPN, tandis que 33% ont déclaré les suivre. Parmi ces dernières, 76% utilisaient les lignes directrices nutritionnelles de l'initiative sur la qualité des résultats des traitements des maladies rénales proposées par la Fondation canadienne du rein. Les stratégies utilisées pour dépister et traiter la MPE n’étaient pas liées à la durée de l'expérience en néphrologie, mais elles différaient significativement entre les diététistes qui utilisaient les lignes directrices et celles qui ne les utilisaient pas. Les premières utilisaient couramment les stratégies clés du traitement nutritionnel, notamment la nutrition entérale ou parentérale et les médicaments. La pratique clinique des DPN repose typiquement sur l'opinion ou le consensus d'experts plutôt que sur des lignes directrices basées sur les preuves (LDBP). On ne sait pas si les différences dans l'adoption par les DPN des lignes directrices cliniques influencent les résultats chez les patients, en particulier dans le traitement de la MPE. Les LDBP pour dépister et traiter la MPE chez les patients en PTMR doivent être mises à jour.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 71Number 1March 2010
Pages: 27 - 32

History

Version of record online: 16 February 2010

Authors

Affiliations

Kari Mcknight, RD
Regional Nutrition and Food Services, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB
Anna Farmer, PhD, RD
Centre of Health Promotion Studies and Department of Agriculture, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
Lyn Zuberbuhler, RD
Regional Nutrition and Food Services, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB
Diana Mager, PhD, RD
Regional Nutrition and Food Services, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, and Department of Agriculture, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB

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